Med. Pro Praxi 2004; 1: 25-28

Současný pohled na prevenci bakteriální endokarditidy

MUDr. Petr Heinc Ph.D
I. interní klinika FN a LF UP Olomouc

Keywords: bakteriální endokarditida, závažnost srdečního onemocnění, riziko vzniku endokarditidy, profylaktické postupy.

Published: December 31, 2004  Show citation

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Heinc P. Současný pohled na prevenci bakteriální endokarditidy. Med. praxi. 2004;2(1):25-28.

Bakteriální endokarditida vzniká v důsledku bakteriémie při narušení sliznic nebo kůže. K tomu může dojít poraněním, ale především plánovitě při krvácivých výkonech. Riziko bakteriální endokarditidy potvrzuje zvýšený výskyt bakteriální endokarditidy stoupající se závažností základního onemocnění, proto se prevence bakteriální endokarditidy jeví jako racionální opatření. Onemocnění jsou rozdělena na onemocnění s vysokým, zvýšeným a zanedbatelným rizikem pro vznik bakteriální endokarditidy a je rozebrána problematika prolapsu mitrální chlopně. Jsou vyjmenovány výkony v dutině ústní, respiračním traktu, gastrointestinálním traktu, urogenitálním traktu i ostatní výkony, kde je prevence bakteriální endokarditidy doporučována, a naopak výkony, kde se prevence nevyžaduje. Jsou stanoveny všeobecné principy profylaxe a profylaktické antibiotické postupy, které se od sebe liší dle lokalizace potenciálního zdroje bakteriémie. V závěru je zdůrazněn význam echokardiografie ke stanovení rizika vzniku bakteriální endokarditidy a diskutováno optimální vystavení průkazu nemocnému s rizikem vzniku bakteriální endokarditidy.

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