Medicine for Practice, 2018, issue 2

Editorial

Biohackeři mění genetiku

prof. Ing. Jaroslav Petr, DrSc.

Med. praxi. 2018;15(2):63

Review articles

Management of benign prostatic hyperplasia in primary care

MUDr. Marcela Čechová, FEBU

Med. praxi. 2018;15(2):66-70 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2018.014

Benign prostatic hyperplasia represents the most common urological condition among middle-aged and elderly men. Although diagnosisand treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia belongs to urologist, essential knowledge of pathogenesis, symptomatology and treatmentoptions may facilitate care of these patients. This article summarises contemporary treatment options with focus on farmacotherapy.

Modern type 2 diabetes treament – practical implications

MUDr. Barbora Doležalová

Med. praxi. 2018;15(2):71-75 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2018.015

The ultimate goal of type 2 diabetes therapy is to prolong and improve life. This goal can be achieved by treating diabetes incontext of other metabolic and vascular comorbidities. Modern diabetes therapy offers improvement in glycaemic control alongwith the reduction of cardiovascular events. The review article focuses on setting therapeutic goals in type 2 diabetes treatment,and major antidiabetes drug classes are described.

Maked hypertension – what we know about this disease

MUDr. Lenka Štégnerová, MUDr. Markéta Sovová, MUDr. Oldřich Masný, MUDr. Tereza Pokorná,, prof. MUDr. Eliška Sovová, Ph.D., MBA

Med. praxi. 2018;15(2):76-79 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2018.016

Masked hypertension (MH) is defined as an elevation of blood pressure (TK) above 140/90 mmHg when measured outside a doctor'spractice while the TK value is standard at the doctor's office. The term uncontrolled hypertension is used for patients withpersistent hypertension treated but not yet achieving target values in the home measurement. MH is still insufficiently diagnosedbecause patient’s physiological TK is not under a control outside the doctor’s practice although an increased cardiovascular risk isalmost comparable to persistent hypertension. The prevalence of MH is around 13%. At present, there is still insufficiently exploredpathophysiological...

The most common types of anemia – diagnostics, classification and treatment

MUDr. Kateřina Steinerová, doc. MUDr. Daniel Lysák, Ph.D., MUDr. Pavel Jindra, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2018;15(2):80-83 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2018.059

In this paper authors discuss the current possibilities of diagnosis, classification and treatment of the most common types of anemias.The aim is to distinguish conditions that can be diagnosed and treated outpatient by a general practitioner from conditionsrequiring specialized diagnostics and treatment at a hematological or hematooncological departments.

Interdisciplinary overviews

Contemporary trends in prevention and therapy of asthma bronchiale

MUDr. Eva Vernerová

Med. praxi. 2018;15(2):88-92 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2018.019

Allergy comprehends the reaction mediated with immunological mechanisms more often via antibodies IgE. They are usuallymanifested with asthma bronchiale, allergic rhinitis (perenialis or seasonal), atopic eczema or anaphylaxis. They don’t means classicalillnesses, but the syndroms with a lot of possible phenotypes regarding prognosis, clinical picture and response to therapy.In prevention of allergy is today recommended mainly healthy lifestyle. The therapy depends on precise identification od eachpatient and require narrow collaboration of clinical specialists, general practitioners and also the patiens. Contemporary wereintroduced to the therapy...

Diagnosis of cancer in young adults – what is the role of primary care practitioner?

MUDr. Viera Bajčiová, CSc.

Med. praxi. 2018;15(2):93-97 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2018.020

The general practitioner has an important role in the diagnosis of oncological diseases and the care of an oncological patient.Initial symptoms and early diagnosis are crucial for the oncology patient and his fate. The causes of diagnostic delay in oncologyof young people are multifactorial. Reducing the time from the discovery of first symptoms to diagnosis and initiating effectivetreatment can only be achieved through wide-ranging collaboration at all levels, removing administrative barriers to sendinga patient to a specialized oncology department and improving interdisciplinary collaboration.

Ear canal (otitis externa) and middle ear inflammations – diagnosis and therapy

MUDr. Tereza Hložková, MUDr. Břetislav Gál, Ph.D., MUDr. Pavla Urbánková, Ph.D., MUDr. Jan Rottenberg, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2018;15(2):98-101 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2018.021

Ear pain (earache, otalgia) in one of the common symptoms reffering patients to the ENT specialist. This article deals with earache,as a frequent cause of a GP visit. Although inflammations of the external auditory canal and middle ear are the most commoncauses of otalgia, other etiology including dental, oral and pharyngeal problems must be excluded. Also cervical spine and temporomandibularjoint affections presenting as ear pain (otalgy) can lead to otalgia. The first part of the article focuses on etiology,subjective symptoms and possible forms of acute inflammation of the external auditory canal (otitis externa). Possible risk factorsare also discussed...

Aging male and its complications – erectile dysfunction and testosterone deficiency syndrome

MUDr. Taťána Šrámková, CSc.

Med. praxi. 2018;15(2):103-106 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2018.022

Sexuality is an important living component, yet the sexual problems of seniors are mostly ignored by doctors. This is why epidemiologicaldata relating to the sexuality of this age group are limited. Sexual activity is a health benefit, sexual dysfunction leadsto a deteriorati-on in mood, experiencing and overall life satisfaction. For both sexes in the elderly, there is a decrease in sex hormones,resulting in a change in body appearance, the increase in cardio-vascular morbidity, an increase in osteoporosis injuries,psychological disturbances and, last but not least, sexual function. In the sexuality of the old, we still see the persistent myththat...

Legal issues

Changes in providing occupational health services since 1st November 2017

MUDr. Markéta Petrovová, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2018;15(2):110-114

Besides curative care, 95 % of general practitioners also provide occupational health services and the related assessment care. Thisarticle points out recent legislative changes in providing occupational health services in the Czech Republic, which have been inforce since November and December 2017. Those changes were introduced by an extensive amendment of the Specific HealthServices Act (no. 373/2011 Coll.) and the related Decree no. 436/2017 Coll. The article describes the status of a general practitionerwhen providing occupational health services and addresses the most important changes to be implemented in a daily practice.

Electronic publication

MTS – an effective method of classifying injured and ill

MUDr. Petr Hubáček, MBA, LL. M., Mgr. Monika Labonková, RNDr. Marcela Bezdičková, Ph.D., MBA, Mgr. Marinella Danosová, PhDr. Lenka Machálková, MUDr. et Mgr. Drahomíra Vrzalová, MBA, LL. M.

Med. praxi. 2018;15(2):110-113 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2018.017

The triage method of injured and sick persons, is the process of efficient management of clinical risk requiring rapid assessment todetermine the urgency exams of the patient's clinical condition and is completed with the inclusion of the patient into categoriesaccording to different triage systems. One of the effective methods that works in a five-step system and also takes into accountthe psychological aspects of sorting is the Manchester Triage System.

Back pain in ambulance of general practicioner

doc. MUDr. Dalibor Pastucha, Ph.D., MBA, MUDr. Stanislav Horák, Ph.D., Mgr. Eva Rabelová, MUDr. Petr Hubáček, MBA, LL.M, MUDr. Jiří Hyjánek, Ph.D., Mgr. Radka Filipčíková, Ph.D., MBA, LL.M, MUDr. Šárka Daňková

Med. praxi. 2018;15(2):118-120 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2018.018

Back pain is one of the most common reasons for a visit general practicioner. The most common cause of back pain is currentlymechanical disturbances and degenerative changes in the locomotive apparatus. Practitioner, as a first-line doctor, should activelywork on prevention, early diagnosis, and adequately help or at least relieve the acute condition. If a serious illness (a tumor,a systemic disease, etc.) is suspected, it is advisable to minimize delays and perform a specialist examination as soon as possible.