Medicine for Practice, 2016, issue 3

Editorial

Když se řekne infekce

MUDr. Hana Roháčová, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2016;13(3):103

Review articles

What is the current potential of acute pain service and when to refer patients?

MUDr. Jan Procházka, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2016;13(3):106-111 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2016.023

Pain services are special facilities designated for the care of patients with chronic pain, which is not possible to relieve in primary care offices. For chronic pain therapy we can use opioid and non-opioid analgesics and adjuvants with preference to slow-release forms. Methods of interventional pain therapy are specific for pain service. Interdisciplinary cooperation is necessary.

A practical approach to the treatment of diarrhoea in adults in the Czech Republic

MUDr. Pavel Polák, Ph.D., prof.MUDr. Hana Matějovská-Kubešová, CSc.

Med. praxi. 2016;13(3):113-116 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2016.024

The aim of the article is to emphasize the approach of the first-contact medical staff to the patient with dyspeptic syndromes. The precise and goal-directed medical history based on the knowledge of basic epidemiological data from the Czech Republic in the past years as well as precise physical examination are emphasized. Thereafter, the type of the illness (gastritis, enteritis, colitis or their combination) and the course of the disease (acute, subacute or chronic) may be classified and the basic differential diagnosis between the most frequent infectious and non-infectious causes may be assessed.

The role of general practitioner in assessment of occupational diseases

MUDr. Karin Boušová, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2016;13(3):117-119 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2016.025

In the Czech Republic, only the disease mentioned in the List of occupational diseases is possible to report as a professional illnes. Stated disease must to reach to certain degree of seriousness. Confirmation of work by the conditions, in which the occupational disease could arise, is necessary. The statement to the factors of work conditions gives the public health office specialist in work hygiene. In the Czech Republic, about 1 200 new cases of occupational diseases a year were reported. The most often reported illnesses are the disorders of musculosceletal system by the work with vibration tools and by overloading of upper extremities,...

Hypertension from the perspective of the less common situations

MUDr. Zuzana Krátká, Ph.D., MUDr. Ondřej Petrák, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2016;13(3):120-123 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2016.026

This paper is focused on some less common forms of arterial hypertension, where early detection and appropriate treatment can significantly affect the prognosis of the patient. The first part of the article is about pharmacoresistant arterial hypertension, its etiology, diagnostics, and especially about the treatment. The second part is devoted to secondary causes of arterial hypertension, with emphasis on some typical clinical and laboratory findings.

Interdisciplinary overviews

Photodermatoses

MUDr.Marie Policarová

Med. praxi. 2016;13(3):124-126

Photodermatoses are a skin disease caused by an increased sensitivity of the skin towards the sunlight. We divide them into 4 main categories: 1) immunologically mediated photodermatosis, that are polymorphic light eruption, actinic prurigo, hydroa vacciniforme, solar urticaria and chronic actinic dermatitis, 2) drug-induced and chemically-induced photosensitivity, that includes phototoxic and fotoallergic reactions, porphyria, 3) photoaggravated conditions, 4) defective DNA repairs disorders. Over a very wide range of diseases, their therapy is similar, it means strict photoprotection against UVB and UVA radiation and appropriate clothing.

Is concern about vaccination in patients with multiple sclerosis reasonable?

MUDr. Iveta Lisá, PhD.

Med. praxi. 2016;13(3):127-130

Infections can in patients with multiplex sclerosis cause impairment of their clinical status. Vaccination can have preventive effect, but at the same time it can become a trigger of a new attack of the disease. Up till now there has not been unified opinion about vaccination in this disease. The article presents a current view on this issue.

Chronic sapontaneous urticaria - actual view on problematic disease

MUDr.Iva Karlová

Med. praxi. 2016;13(3):131-135

Urticaria is a skin condition characterised by wheals or angioedema. Wheals develop quickly in minutes, generally taking 3–8 hours, disappear up to 24 hours, angioedema could last up to 72 hours. Wheals may continue to appear for days, weeks or months. In chronic urticaria symptoms persist for over 6 weeks. Chronic urticaria is divided into chronic inducibile urticaria and chronic spontaneous urticaria. Chronic spontaneus urticaria is usually caused by infection, pseudoallergy, autoreactivity or an unknown cause. The activity of urticaria is measured by urticaria activity score (UAS). Non sedating antihistamines is currently the first...

Eye infections

MUDr. Helena Štrofová

Med. praxi. 2016;13(3):136-141 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2016.030

Ocular infection may be caused by bacteria, viruses, infection can also by atypical agents (Chlamydia), parasites and fungi. The most commonly they affect anterior segment of the eye (lids, conjunctiva, cornea, iris, sclera and episclera), rarely even posterior segment, which is mainly manifested decreased visual acuity. In the text, we only describe infections of the anterior segment of the eye.

Case report

Combination therapy of hypertension in general practice

MUDr. PhDr. Marcel Nesvadba, MBA, PhDr. Mgr. Patrik Christian Cmorej, MSc.

Med. praxi. 2016;13(3):142-144 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2016.031

The achievement of target value of blood pressure in patients with arterial hypertension is crucial for reducing cardiovascular mortality. Contemporary medicine, however, offers a modern combination of drugs that simplifies the treatment of hypertension. Smaller amounts of tablets are better accepted by patient, there is better cooperation of active ingredients used, and therefore greater treatment success. An example of a fixed combination of drugs is Triplixam.

Diabetic patient treated with peritoneal dialysis

MUDr. Ivo Valkovský, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2016;13(3):145-146 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2016.032

The population of elderly diabetic patients is the fastest growing group of patients entering the dialysis treatment and currently accounts for a large part of the entire dialysis population. The prognosis of diabetic patients treated with renal replacement therapy compared to patients without diabetes is worse, especially due to associated serious cardiovascular complications. The case report describes a female patient with Type 1 diabetes, who was treated with peritoneal dialysis for end stage renal disease, and later successfully transplanted.