Také běžím pomalu

MUDr. Pavel Frühauf, CSc.

Med. praxi. 2024;21(2):75  

Optimal heart rate value - not only hypertensive patients

MUDr. Petra Vysočanová

Med. praxi. 2024;21(2):79-83 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2024.013  

Heart rate (HR) is related to a number of diseases, especially cardiovascular (CVD). Every 10 beats/min increases in TF is associated with an 8% increased risk of CV disease. In individuals with hypertension, a resting HR > 80/min is a CV risk factor. According to the new results, nighttime TF is the most sensitive, when the threshold value for the increase in mortality in patients with hypertension is 90/min. b­‑blockers can be used to reduce TF in patients with hypertension, while according to current Czech recommendations, b­‑blockers are suitable for hypertensive patients with TF ≥75/min. It is possible to administer them in...

Lean obesity - a hidden health risk

Mgr. Erika Čermáková, Mgr. Martin Forejt, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2024;21(2):85-87 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2024.009  

The phenotype of normal weight obesity (NWO) is a serious health risk but is often ignored in the diagnosis of obesity. The WHO defines obesity as an excessive or abnormal accumulation of adipose tissue, but the current diagnosis of adiposity is most often based on BMI values. Some individuals may have an increased amount of adipose tissue even though their BMI indicates that their weight is normal. This negative state is associated with an increased risk of cardiometabolic dysregulation and the subsequent development of chronic non-infectious diseases of the mass type. The global prevalence is only estimated to be around 4.5 - 22 % in the adult population...

Gliflozins - what's new in practise

MUDr. Jan Škrha jr., Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2024;21(2):88-91 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2024.012  

Gliflozins represent modern and complex acting drugs with emerging indications. Apart from antidiabetic effects, there is increasing evidence of cardioprotective and renoprotective benefits pushing gliflozins among the standard treatment of patients with heart failure or chronic kidney disease, often without diabetes. Several risks of gliflozins should be acknowledged before their initiation and proper patient education in risks and benefits should be a common part of this initiation process.

The importance of fats in nutrition

Věra Boháčová, DiS., prof. MUDr. Jan Piťha, CSc.

Med. praxi. 2024;21(2):92-95 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2024.011  

Fats are one of the basic nutrients and an indispensable food component. Fats provide energy and at the same time have important impact on the function of human body. In terms of nutrition, the amount of fat consumed is important, but their composition is of at least similar importance and largely determines their effect on the appropriate function of the body. The most common problem of fats in human nutrition is addressed with regard to so called non-infectious diseases of mass prevalence and incidence, both in primary and secondary prevention.

Bipolar radiofrequency-induced thermotherapy of haemorrhoids: a 10-year experience

MUDr. Jiří Duben, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2024;21(2):96-99 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2024.005  

Výsledky: Od 9/2007 do 1/2017 jsme na našem oddělení provedli 228 operací RFITTH u 217 pacientů. V souboru bylo 134 mužů a 94 žen, průměrný věk v souboru byl 51 let. Ve stadiu III bylo provedeno 107 operací. Ve stadiu IV bylo provedeno 121 operací. Komplikace pooperační fisury se vyskytly u 20 pacientů (8,7 %). Trombotizovaný uzel u 6 pacientů (2,6 %). Hyperspasmus svěračů u 9 pacientů (3,9 %). Prolaps konečníku se objevil u 4 pacientů (1,7 %). Recidivy: v souboru pacientů bylo provedeno 10 reoperací pomocí RFITTH u 9 pacientů (3,9 %). Závěr: Metoda je bezpečnou miniinvazivní variantou léčby vyšších stadií hemoroidální nemoci. Introduction: Bipolar...

A patient at risk of alcohol addiction in a general practitioner's ambulance

MUDr. PhDr. Jana Bolková

Med. praxi. 2024;21(2):100-102 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2024.008  

General practitioners routinely meet people addicted to or at risk of alcohol addiction and their close relatives in their ambulances. The spectrum of activities performed by general practitioners is very broad, including initial diagnostics, conducting brief interventions, providing basic counseling and education, facilitating further addiction or medical care, fulfilling reporting obligations according to applicable laws and regulations, as well as expressing opinions on driver's license revocation or reinstatement and assessing fitness for occupational duties. The good news is that general practitioners do not have to handle the assistance, treatment,...

Current trends in COPD treatment

MUDr. Ondřej Zela

Med. praxi. 2024;21(2):104-108  

COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) ranks globally among the most frequent chronic respiratory diseases, affecting approximately 8 % of world population and is strongly associated with smoking. In the Czech republic, about 30 % of population over 15 years are smokers, spending almost 120 billion CZK (equivalent of 5.5 billion USD) every year on tobbaco products (about 11,000 CZK/500 USD per capita). COPD is one of the major diseases routinely treated by pulmonologists. About 300,000 patients are unaware of their condition and thus untreated. The purpose of the following text is to highlight the basic principles of modern COPD treatment.

Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy and jejunostomy in home care from a nurse's perspective

MUDr. Mgr. Drahomíra Vrzalová, MBA, Mgr. Lenka Neumannová

Med. praxi. 2024;21(2):109-113 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2023.048  

Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) and jejunostomy (PEJ) are nutritional ostomy into the digestive tract intended for the application of enteral nutrition fluids and drugs. They are indicated for long-term nutrition in patients with a preserved functional gastrointestinal tract, in cases where the patient is not capable of adequate food intake by mouth and the administration of this nutrition is expected to be longer than 4-6 weeks. The correct indication, adequate preparation of the patient for the procedure and follow-up after PEG or PEJ insertion, along with education of both the patient and his family members and other caregivers, reduce...

Jak pomoci kůži pacientů s chronickým žilním onemocněním

MUDr. Zuzana Zafarová

Med. praxi. 2024;21(2):114-117 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2024.014  

Racionální přístup k antisekreční léčbě v primární péči - aktualizace doporučených postupů

MUDr. Zuzana Zafarová

Med. praxi. 2024;21(2):118-121 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2024.015