Med. praxi. 2026;23(3):188-192 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2026.026

Climacteric health issues: different diagnosic and treatment options

MUDr. Jana Racková

Gynovum, s. r. o., soukromá gynekologická ambulance, Praha

Perimenopause and menopause represent key phases of reproductive aging in women, triggering endocrine, metabolic and cellular changes. Traditionally, they have been perceived primarily as hormonally conditioned processes with the occurrence of vasomotor symptoms. Current findings show that menopause reflects a broader biological aging process involving molecular and systemic alterations. The associated hormonal imbalance contributes to bone loss, central fat accumulation, changes in the urogenital, immune and nervous systems with an increased cardiovascular risk. The menopausal period also predisposes women to type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. The therapeutic plan must be individualized according to the phase of reproductive aging. The period of middle age places an extreme physical and psychological burden on women with all its socio-economic consequences.

Keywords: perimenopause, menopause, menopausal hormone therapy, obesity, musculoskeletal syndrome.

Received: May 12, 2026; Revised: June 5, 2026; Accepted: June 5, 2026; Published: June 22, 2026  Show citation