Medicine for Practice, 2017, issue 2

Editorial

Hovory o zdraví aneb naslouchejme pacientům

PhDr. Lucie Klůzová Kráčmarová

Med. praxi. 2017;14(2)

Review articles

Some comments on the 2016 ESC/EAS guidelines for diagnosing and treating dyslipidaemias

doc. MUDr. Michal Vrablík, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2017;14(2):58-60 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2017.048

The ESC/EAS guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias published in August 2016 represent a large reference document summarizing the development over the five years since the first version was published in 2011. They reflect the knowledge achieved in many areas – from diagnosis and cardiovascular risk stratification to setting therapeutic goals and guiding management to the issue of dyslipidaemias in selected specific groups of patients. Also discussed are medication adverse effects or the current issue of adherence. The present article highlights selected sections from the comprehensive document by briefly commenting on them.

Modern antihistamines in treating allergies: current trends in symptomatic therapy of allergic conditions

MUDr. Jaroslava Braunová, Ph.D., MUDr. Mojmír Račanský

Med. praxi. 2017;14(2):62-66

Allergic diseases are a challenge for contemporary medicine. They involve not only the mere manifestations of seasonal rhinitis, encountered to a certain degree by nearly everyone, but also serious conditions, such as anaphylactic shock and bronchial asthma exacerbation. A non-negligible aspect is the issue of various skin manifestations of hypersensitivity. They are invariably associated with a great deal of discomfort for the sufferer. With a rising incidence of these allergic conditions, the demand for effective treatment naturally rises. An example of causal therapy is allergen immunotherapy (AIT). Unfortunately, it is not indicated in all patients...

Inherited metabolic disorders in the general practitioner´s surgery – how to diagnose?

MUDr. Eva Košťálová

Med. praxi. 2017;14(2):67-70 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2017.050

Inherited metabolic disorders (IMD) are a heterogeneous group of diseases caused by mutations in genes encoding enzymes and other proteins of the cell metabolism. IMD can present in any age. Patients with late–onset forms IMD develop the first clinical signs in adulthood. The early diagnosis is essential for treatment. Special laboratory tests avilable in specialized metabolic centres are necessary for the diagnostics of IMD. The aim of this article is to outline possibilities of potential cooperation between general practitioners and Ústav dědičných metabolických poruch VFN a 1. LF UK Praha (ÚDMP).

Diabetic foot syndrome

MUDr. Pavlína Piťhová, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2017;14(2):71-76 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2017.014

The diabetic foot syndrome is one of the most debilitating complication of diabetes. Most important factors in pathogenesis are diabetic neuropathy, angiopathy and changes in biomechanics of the gait. The healing is worse in presence if infection. The clinical presentation is often influenced by presence of neuropathy which is able to mask symptoms of ischemia; gangrene could be the first presentation of critical limb ischemia. Examination of vascular system is very important and revascularization procedures should be provided fast and in very aggressive way. The complex therapy includes antibacterial treatment, offloading, appropriate local treatment...

Diagnosis and treatment of Lyme Disease

MUDr. Dita Smíšková, Ph.D., doc. MUDr. Dušan Pícha, CSc.

Med. praxi. 2017;14(2):77-80 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2017.015

Lyme borreliosis is a bacterial infection transmitted by ticks that affects various organs and tissues. Diagnostic difficulty is caused mainly by diversity of clinical manifestations and low availability and applicability of direct laboratory methods. Identification of specific IgM and IgG antibodies is still the basis of laboratory diagnostics nowadays. However, serological tests merely confirm contact with the disease, but do not correlate with activity of the infection. To make the right diagnosis, thorough evaluation of the clinical manifestation as well as laboratory results is necessary. Tetracyclines, penicillins, cephalosporins and macrolides...

Interdisciplinary overviews

Neuropsychiatric disorders in multiple sclerosis

MUDr. Petra Nytrová, Mgr. Jana Blahová Dušánková, MUDr. Alexander Nawka

Med. praxi. 2017;14(2):37-45

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system with a relatively high variability of symptoms based on the site of inflammatory lesions in the brain and spinal cord. The diagnosis of MS has a profound psychological and social impact on the individual. Accepting the diagnosis is impaired by, to a certain extent, unpredictable disease course or treatment complications. The lifetime prevalence of affective and anxiety disorders is higher in these patients than in the general population. The patient’s condition may further be complicated by cognitive impairment of varying degrees. Early diagnosis...

Overview of the most frequently occuring bacterial skin diseases

MUDr. Radek Litvik

Med. praxi. 2017;14(2):87-89 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2017.051

This review discusses the most common bacterial skin diseases.

At a glance

Education of diabetic patients

MUDr. Daniela Číhalíková, MUDr. Kateřina Loyková

Med. praxi. 2017;14(2):90-93

The article summarizes the phases of educating a diabetic patient, dealing with the individual types, content, goals, and organization of education of patients. The aspects of educating about diet, treatment, and acute as well as late diabetic complications are discussed in detail.

For nurses

Current recommendations in the care of peripheral venous catheters

Mgr. Petra Sedlářová, PhDr., Marie Zvoníčková, PhDr., Hana Svobodová, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2017;14(2):94-97 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2017.018

The authors present a review of current recommendations concerning peripheral venous catheter placement and maintenance. The review is based on the current recommendations of both national and international organizations (CDC, INS, SPPK).