Medicine for Practice, 2010, issue 5

Editorial

Kdy a jak může náboženská víra pomoci a kdy může nemocné zatěžovat?

doc. Aleš Opatrný, Th.D.

Med. praxi. 2010;7(5):207

Review articles

Metabolic syndrome in nephrology

prof.MUDr.Vladimír Teplan, DrSc.

Med. praxi. 2010;7(5):209-215

Metabolic syndrome represents a serious risk factor for renal injury. In addition to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetic complications, it can lead to the development of glomerulopathies and their further progression. It also increases the risk of occurrence of renal calculi and kidney tumours. Hypertension in metabolic syndrome and obesity is associated with sodium retention and increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system. Given the changes in dietary habits and a lack of physical activity worldwide, the increase in the incidence of metabolic syndrome with obesity and diabetes has the nature of a pandemic and,...

Physiotherapy and prosthetic care for patients - diabetics after an extremity amputation

MUDr.Ivana Pejšková, MUDr.Aleš Mareček

Med. praxi. 2010;7(5):216-220

Diseases complication, sequelae traumas congenital predispositions and other reasons, which solution is an extremity amputation, bring patients to hospital orthopaedic-prosthetic department FN in HK, where team of professionals help to handle this physical alteration by use prosthetic appliance and physiotherapy completely or at least partially return them back to ordinary daily activities.

Tratment of atopic dermatitis/eczema in adults

MUDr.Nina Benáková

Med. praxi. 2010;7(5):221-228

In the introduction the author informs about the contemporary view on ethiopathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. After practical reviewing of clinical forms, diagnostics, therapy and it´s principles she presents some recommendations for general practitioners: patients´ education, searching for triggering factors, prophylaxis, use and examples of emolients, topical corticosteroids and theirs safety regimens. Some recommendation of educative literature for the patients is added.

Overactive bladder syndrome and urinary incontinence

MUDr.Lukáš Horčička, MUDr.Jan Zmrhal, CSc.

Med. praxi. 2010;7(5):229-232

Overactive bladder is one of the most common causes of chronic complaints and impaired quality of life in developed countries. The paper deals with the initial, basic and specialized diagnosis. The differential diagnosis involves consideration of serious oncological, neurological as well as metabolic diseases showing the symptoms of overactive bladder. Special attention is paid to the diagnosis in elderly female patients where emphasis is placed on the need for assistance and individual diagnostic approaches. The social aspects of overactive bladder syndrome and the attitudes of society toward women suffering from the syndrome of lower urinary...

Probiotics and their effect on dyslipidemia and diabetes

MUDr.Zuzana Grofová

Med. praxi. 2010;7(5):233-234

Probiotics used to be an underestimated theme. Currently, however, it happened to appear a hot topic for discussions and scientific research. Gastrointestinal tractus impairments and diseases are effectively treated by probiotics; the other methods of treatment are well supported by them. Other benefits in inflammatory diseases outside a gut (urogenital tractus, joints) are gradually revealed. The gut is considered the greatest immunity organ in the body, therefore probiotics can influense and improve immunity reactions per se. There are properties impacting the systemic inflammatory response; new options appear for using probiotics in diseases...

At a glance

Diagnosis and treatment of cholecystolithiasis

prof.MUDr.Julius Špičák, CSc.

Med. praxi. 2010;7(5):235-237

The prevalence of cholelithiasis is 10–20 %. It rises with age, with women being affected more often than men. Cholesterol stones are most common, other risk factors include pregnancy and reduced food intake. Black pigmented stones occur in cirrhosis and haemolytic anaemia, brown ones arise in the bile duct during inflammation. Most patients are asymptomatic; the symptoms and complications include colics, dyspepsia, cholecystitis, cholangitis, abscess, biliary ileus and gallbladder cancer. The superior diagnostic method for cholecystolithiasis is ultrasonography; in case of complications related to possible biliary obstruction and during...

For nurses

Education of a diabetic patient

Bc.Gabriela Knížková, doc.MUDr.Alena Šmahelová, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2010;7(5):238-240

The paper deals with the stages of education (general – basic, specialized – in-depth, and re-education) and the basic principles and practical advice for performing education (type and form, goal specification, comprehensibility, simplicity, planned structure, control and feedback). The content of education of a diabetic patient that is an integral as well as continuous part of the management of a diabetic patient is discussed in detail. The content of education is particularly focused on regimen measures and prevention of acute and late complications.

Lab and examinations

Laboratory diagnosis of herpesviruses

RNDr.Kateřina Roubalová, CSc.

Med. praxi. 2010;7(5):241-244

Herpesviruses establish a lifelong persistent infection in their host characterized by periods of latency and reactivation. This biological property is associated with difficulties in their laboratory diagnosis. For this purpose, indirect diagnostic methods based on the demonstration of specific antibodies or direct methods for demonstrating viral material in clinical samples are available. In serological tests, it is necessary to distinguish antibodies that are related to the patient‘s history from those related to active infection. Antibody assay is mainly useful in diagnosing primary infection. In reactivated infections, in the chronically...