Jaro je tady...

doc. MUDr. Jaromír Bystroň, CSc.

Med. praxi. 2011;8(3):95-96  

Current new trends in allergology

MUDr.Ivana Šetinová, MUDr.Hana Maršálková, MUDr.Barbara Trnková

Med. praxi. 2011;8(3):100-103  

The prevalence of allergic people in Czech republic has reached 32 % of population. The critical role in the patogenesis of the allergic diseases plays interaction between genes for atopy and environment. The range of risk faktors includes viral infections, pollutants, diet and change of life style. The identification of allergens on a molecular basis, study of homology between allergens leads to the accurate diagnosis with recombinant allergens. This is the way to find out the specific senzibilization in the individual patient. Component-resolved diagnosis allows to find the right allergen immunotherapy and has the effect on development of...

New treatment for postmenopausal osteoporosis

doc.MUDr.Pavel Horák, CSc., MUDr.Martina Skácelová, MUDr.Martin Žurek, MUDr.Andrea Smržová, MUDr.Hana Ciferská

Med. praxi. 2011;8(3):104-110  

The overview article brings information on the new antiporotic drugs for postmenopausal osteoporosis. It deals with intravenous bisphosphonates – ibandronate and zoledronate, with new biological drug denosumab blocking RANKL and finally with osteoanabolic derivates of parathormon 1–34 and 1–84 PTH.

Treatment of asthma with inhaled corticosteroids

MUDr.Jiří Novák

Med. praxi. 2011;8(3):112-118  

The treatment of asthma in the CR is based on the materials of the GINA. For most uncontrolled asthma patients, inhaled glucocorticoid is recommended as the inicial treatment. Except for ciclesonide, however, their local therapeutic effects cannot be separated from their systemic side effects. Klíčová slova: Inhalační kortikosteroidy, astma, ciklesonid, budesonid, flutikason.

Endothelial dysfunction - the first stage of atherosclerosis

MUDr.Michal Vrablík, Ph.D., Michaela Janotová, MUDr.Eva Motyková, MUDr.Martina Prusíková

Med. praxi. 2011;8(3):119-122  

Endothelial cells are not only a mechanical barrier but also form metabolically very active tissue regulating vascular tone, permeability and other vascular functions. Functional impairment of endothelial layer (endothelial dysfunction) initiated by a number of mechanical, physical, chemical and immunological factors, is the beginning of vascular changes, which might result in atherotrombotic complications. Endothelial dysfunction can be assessed by various methods, however, these are not being routinely used in clinical practice as they yield widely variable results. Nevertheless, the methods help us understand the mechanisms, through which...

Helicobacter pylori infection

MUDr.Tomislav Švestka, CSc.

Med. praxi. 2011;8(3):123-125  

The last twenty years have seen as a period of major revolution in the medicine. Patogenesis of peptic ulcer disease has probably seen the greatest changes both conceptually and in practice. There has been a explosion of information concerning Helicobacter pylori (Hp) and ulcer disease. Eradication of Hp infection is useful in clinical cure of infected patients. Efficacious regimens generally include a several combinations of antisecretory agent combined with two antimicrobials. Resistance can occur to the commonly used antibiotics but can be usually overcome with an altered regimen. It is important for physicians to clearly understand when...

The role of hepcidin in the diagnosis and treatment of anemias

MUDr.Petra Bělohlávková

Med. praxi. 2011;8(3):127-129  

Hepcidin is a small peptide hormone consisting of 25 amino acids that is predominantly synthesized in the liver. Hepcidin plays a key role in the regulation of iron homeostasis. Hepcidin acts by regulation of its receptor, ferroportin. Ferroportin presents the sole cellular iron exporter and the iron-hepcidin axis contribute to the pathogenesis of different anemias and on the other hand iron overload. Hepcidin synthesis is induced by iron overload, inflammation and supressed by erythropoiesis or hypoxia. The possibility of hepcidin assays will be facilitated the diagnosis of different forms of anemias. It is also possible that in the future,...

Is metformin only an antidiabetic drug?

prof.MUDr.Jindřiška Perušičová, DrSc.

Med. praxi. 2011;8(3):130-133  

For over fifty years, metformin has been known as an effective antihyperglycaemic drug not associated with weight gain. In recent years, it has been successfully used in nondiabetic situations as well. Metformin substitutes for the lack of safe anti-obesity medications, is the drug of choice in women with PCOS and is therapeutically valid in individuals with NASH. The most significant activity of metformin that has been shown recently is its anti-tumorous effect in a number of cancers.

Orthopaedic aids in the market and their use in practice

MUDr.Jiří Selucký, MUDr.Pavel Přikryl

Med. praxi. 2011;8(3):134-135  

The development of prosthetics as a branch of medicine, and of bandages, orthoses and prostheses has brought a vast array of these devices to the market. The authors explain the principles of their use and the technical possibilities offered to patients by today’s prosthetics. Particular attention is paid to the group of orthoses and bandages that are used very frequently. The group is divided into those used for acute and for chronic conditions; the other prosthetic devices are dealt with in the last chapter. The article provides a survey of the commonly used prosthetic aids intended for practitioners in relation to the development of...

Erectile dysfunction treatment

MUDr.Ondřej Trojan

Med. praxi. 2011;8(3):136-139  

The article presents the fundamentals of treatment for erectile dysfunction reviewing the experience from the first decade of existence of PDE-5 inhibitors. Previously published facts are summarized supplemented with new knowledge in order to provide a most accurate outline for everyday use in the present day. injections, prostaglandines, psychotherapy.

Hospital hopper - factitious disorder and malingering in psychiatric care

MUDr.Bc.Aleš Grambal, MUDr.Zuzana Grambalová, prof.MUDr.Ján Praško, CSc.

Med. praxi. 2011;8(3):140-142  

Some patients treated on psychiatric departments are diagnosed as factitive disorders or malingering. These patients are often in burdensome life situation, and they are not able to solve it and they become to escape to illness. The factitious disorders and malingering are coupled with the counter transference, and they are not popular between the health workers. The factitious disorders and malingering are dangerous if they are not detected and paradoxically if the diagnose is correct too. It is difficult to determine the diagnosis, there is a lack of the adequate therapy, the treatment is not favorite between the health workers and the prognosis...

Nutritional care

Tamara Starnovská

Med. praxi. 2011;8(3):144-145  

Nutritional care is an integral part of therapeutic, preventive and nursing care. Its successful implementation depends on an early identification of those with an impaired nutritional status and/or those at risk of its getting impaired. The early identification is a responsibility of general nurses. Also required is sufficient knowledge of factors affecting the population’s nutritional status.

Autodidaktický test 3/2011

Med. praxi. 2011;8(3):145-146