Co přinesl rok 2011 v pneumologii

prof. MUDr. Vítězslav Kolek, DrSc.

Med. praxi. 2012;9(3):91  

Allergic rhinitis at a general practitioner's surgery

doc.MUDr.Jaromír Bystroň, CSc.

Med. praxi. 2012;9(3):95-100  

Allergic rhinitis is the most common upper airway allergic disease. The author presents the current classification of allergic rhinitis and, subsequently, aims at describing the aetiological factors, clinical manifestations and options for examination and treatment of allergic rhinitis, with an emphasis on the options of a general practitioner in the care of patients with allergic rhinitis.

Hello, resistance, may I continue? II.

MUDr.Václava Adámková

Med. praxi. 2012;9(3):102-105  

Microbiological diagnosis is important in era of increasing resistance of bacteria to antibiotics. It is impossible to estimate susceptibility of causative agent using a symptom-based definition. Results evaluation inform us about epidemiological situation. The article provides informations about the most frequent etiology, symptoms and specimen for laboratory examination in basic respiratory tract infection.

Intestinal microflora, mucosal barrier and probiotics in some internal diseases

prof.MUDr.Jan Lata, CSc., MUDr.Jana Juránková, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2012;9(3):106-112  

The Health Organization probiotics definition is live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host. This review addresses the concept of intestinal microflora and their function and evidence regarding the possible uses of probiotics in gastroenterology (diarrhoe, idiopatic bowel diseases, Helicobacter pylori infection, acute pancreatitis a prevention of colorectal cancer) and hepatology (hepatic encephalopathy, effect on bacterial intestinal translocation and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis).

Agoraphobia and its treatment

prof.MUDr.Ján Praško, CSc., PhDr.Tomáš Diveky, MUDr.Aleš Grambal, MUDr.Dana Kamarádová, MUDr.Zuzana Sigmundová, MUDr.Petr Šilhán

Med. praxi. 2012;9(3):113-118  

Agoraphobia is a phobic-anxious syndrome where patients avoid situations or places in which they fear being embarrassed, or being unable to escape or get help if a panic attack occurs. Effective treatments for agoraphobia are available. The treatment of choice is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). CBT is the best studied non-pharmacological approach and can be applied to many patients, depending on its availability. Pharmacological interventions include the possible use of a variety of agents. Among antidepressant agents, SSRIs are generally well tolerated and effective for both anxious and depressive symptomatology, and these compounds should...

Headache at a later age

MUDr.Andrea Bártková

Med. praxi. 2012;9(3):118-123  

In elderly as well as in younger age, headache is one of the most common complaints with which patients present to physicians. Headaches at a later age have their specific features. Primary headaches, e. g. migraine, tend to retreat and change their characteristic features. By contrast, secondary headaches occur increasingly due to comorbidities that are common in old age. This review deals with both primary and secondary headaches while taking into account nosological entities and clinical manifestations specific for later age. later age.

Management of Adult Spasticity

doc.MUDr.Ivana Štětkářová, CSc.

Med. praxi. 2012;9(3):124-127  

We summarized modern trends in treatment of severe spasticity that worsened quality of life, mobility and self-care of disabled patients. Spasticity is a result of lesion of pyramidal tract with loss of inhibitory influence of motor cortex on spinal motoneuron. In mild spasticity combination of physical and pharmacological therapy and is recommended. A local administration of botulinum toxin into muscle is suitable for focal spasticity in a small muscle group. In severe flexed spasticity of lower extremities, surgical ablation procedures may be performed. In severe generalized spasticity intrathecal continuous baclofen delivery is a method...

Eye complications of diabetes

MUDr.Radka Švancarová, doc.MUDr.Tomáš Sosna, CSc.

Med. praxi. 2012;9(3):127-130  

Diabetes mellitus is a group of diseases that affects the entire body, and after years of causing morphological and functional changes in many organs. One of the most serious complications of diabetes is diabetic retinopathy, in its final stage often leads to severe visual failure patient. Prevention and early treatment can reduce the indicated risk of vision loss by more than 90 %. Care of diabetic patient requires a comprehensive multidisciplinary approach and cooperation of all experts involved in his treatment. The article focuses on the description of the clinical manifestations of ocular diseases resulting from DM basis and seeks to provide...

Acne - An overview, news in the treatment of

MUDr.Kateřina Fajkošová

Med. praxi. 2012;9(3):131-133  

Acne is one of the most frequent diseases treated in dermatology praxis. It affects considerable percentage of population not only in teen age. The knowledge about pathogenesis of acne is more and more extensive. Researches are more focused on molecular level. New receptores are being discovered and development of new active subtances is related. The following text brings information about one perspective active ingredient.

Influence of preanalytical phase on biochemical laboratory results

Hana Jindrová, RNDr.Markéta Kajabová, Romana Calábková

Med. praxi. 2012;9(3):137-140  

There are many factors that contribute to accurate test results in the clinical laboratory. These factors can be divided into three areas: preanalytical, analytical and post analytical. Preanalytical variables account for 32–75 % of laboratory errors. Haemolytic specimens are the leading cause of preanalytical variability. Hemolysis is preventable in most cases, because it is usually caused by inappropriate collection, handling and processing the specimen.

Meals on anticoagulant therapy and diabetes mellitus

Bc.Eva Horáková, DiS., Mgr.Jana Eliášová

Med. praxi. 2012;9(3):134-136  

This article describes the main principles of diabetic diet, principles catering for anticoagulation therapy and the possibility of interconnection both modes in the diet of diabetics treated with oral anticoagulants.

Erektilní dysfunkce se dostává do povědomí veřejnosti

MUDr. Ondřej Trojan

Med. praxi. 2012;9(3)