Slovo úvodem

MUDr. Marta Olejárová, CSc.

Med. praxi. 2012;9(4):147  

Treatment of atrial fibrillation from the point of view of a general practitioner

doc.MUDr.Miloš Táborský, CSc., FESC, MBA, doc.MUDr.Petr Heinc, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2012;9(4):151-155  

Currently, at least 200,000 patients with atrial fibrillation can be identified in the Czech population. Along with obesity, hypertension, heart failure, and diabetes, it is among the cardiovascular epidemics of the third millennium. Diagnosis and treatment of these patients begins and ends in the surgeries of general practitioners. Knowledge of the recent guidelines for treatment of atrial fibrillation from the point of view of a general practitioner is essential for the further fate of these patients, particularly for the prevention of thromboembolic complications.

Allergy and asthma

MUDr.Eva Vernerová

Med. praxi. 2012;9(4):156-162  

A dramatic increase in the prevalence of allergy and asthma has occurrred during the past few decades. Although the symptoms of many allergic disorders can be suppressed quite effectively by pharmacological interventions, these do not provide a curative solution and therefore involve lifelong use of medication. The pivotal role in the regulation and maintaining of allergen tolerance represent T cell subsets, particullary T regulatory cells (T reg). These cells represent targets in the treatment of allergic disorders.

Subclinical thyroid disease

MUDr.Karolína Drbalová, doc.MUDr.Miroslav Vodák, CSc., prof.MUDr.Václav Zamrazil, DrSc.

Med. praxi. 2012;9(4):163-166  

Subclinical thyreopathies are pathological states of the thyroid gland that show no corresponding clinical symptoms, yet may be detected sporadically by laboratory examination or screening methods. They represent a diagnostic entity, which appeared due to innovations in laboratory diagnostics and recent focus on pre-clinical stages of manifestative diseases. Subclinical thyreopathies include subclinical hypothyreosis and hyperthyreosis, thyroid volume or structure changes found accidentally by sonography, initial stages of malignancy – accidental detection of a micro-carcinoma and subclinical forms of thyroiditis. Controversy remains...

OTC drugs and self-treatment of diarrhoea and constipation

Mgr.Martin Doseděl, Mgr.Josef Malý, MUDr.PharmDr.Kamil Rudolf, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2012;9(4):167-172  

At present, it is often emphasized that every individual is responsible for one’ s health and consequently self-treatment may be considered positive health behavior. Diarrhea and constipation represent symptoms often resulting in a visit of the patient in pharmacy. In the presented paper the possibilities of self-treatment of these symptoms will be discussed, with the particular emphasis on maximizing the effect and minimizing risks of available OTC drugs.

Vitamin D and risk of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes

prof.MUDr.Ondřej Topolčan, CSc., doc.RNDr.Judita Kinkorová, CSc., prof.MUDr.Karel Vondra, DrSc.

Med. praxi. 2012;9(4):174-178  

Vitamin D is a hormone in the genesis of applying a wide range of diseases. The aim of the article was to show the role of D deficiency in cardiovascular disease and diabetes. For both these groups of diseases is the lack of vitamin D a significant risk factor for development and disease. However, no long-term prospective studies that have shown vitamin D supplementation as this adversely affect the state.

OAB and urinary incontinence

MUDr.Eva Burešová, MUDr.Aleš Vidlář, doc.MUDr.Vladimír Študent, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2012;9(4):179-182  

Numerous papers address the issue of urinary incontinence. It is one of the most common lower urinary tract symptoms. Although urinary incontinence is not a serious condition associated with high morbidity or mortality rates, it has a significant impact on the quality of life of patients. The aim of the paper is to present an overview of the issue of urinary incontinence with a focus on OAB, ranging from terminology to diagnosis to treatment options.

Some sources of low back pain and their treatment

MUDr.Ivan Vrba

Med. praxi. 2012;9(4):184-189  

Low back pain (LBP) is defined as pain, muscle tension or stiffness localized below the low costal margin and above the gluteal folds, with or without leg pain. The article is focused on non-specific low back pain. Numerous randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews show strong evidence for advice to stay active and fitness programmes. Treatment targets are reduction of pain, bettter activity and participation, including disability prevention as well as maintenance of work capacity.

Biological treatment of multiple sclerosis

MUDr.Jiří Piťha

Med. praxi. 2012;9(4):189-193  

Multiple sclerosis is the most common chronic neurological disease affecting young people. The mechanism of autoimmune disease involving inflammation and degeneration neuroaxonal. Treatment should be initiated in the early stages of disease. Drugs of first choice are beta interferon or glatirameracetat. In some patients there are signs of intolerance or ineffectiveness of these drugs with the need for change in therapeutic strategy. Natalizumab is the first monoclonal antibody, which was introduced in multiple sclerosis in medical practice. Other biological drugs that have a perspective in the treatment of multiple sclerosis, is alemtuzumab,...

Preventive effects of folic acid

doc.MUDr.Miroslav Stránský

Med. praxi. 2012;9(4):194-197  

Folic acid is one of water soluble vitamins. It plays an important role in metabolism of aminoacids, nucleic acids, phospholipids and in blood production; it has influence on homocysteine metabolism too. It is important for normal development of the neural tube in embryos and it reduces the incidence of other inborn defects. Possibilities of its preventive effect on cardiovascular disease, some cancers and possibly on improvement of cognitive functioning, are being considered. Folic acid saturation of population is deficient. Improvement is possible by means of increased consumption of folic acid rich foods and supplementation in the form of...

Volunteering in oncology

Bc.Šárka Ročková

Med. praxi. 2012;9(4):199-200  

The article deals with the effectiveness of a volunteer hospital programme, its benefits for patient care, and the trend that health care facilities should follow in terms of improving the quality of patient care provided.

Common mistakes in the diets of people with 2 DM type

Bc.Vladimíra Havlová

Med. praxi. 2012;9(4):201-202  

In the treatment of type 2 diabetes Type in the first place the right treatment and diet self-monitoring blood glucose. It is recommended that a structured self-monitoring and rational adjustments to the system, especially diet. It is therefore important for food and their effect know as much as possible. People with diabetes often do not know how to choose and how food affects their health. The rules of eating and self-monitoring blood glucose is much talk among health professionals, do not pass, however, adequately and effectively to people with diabetes.

Madelungova choroba

MUDr. Eva Motyková

Med. praxi. 2012;9(4):198