Bezpečnost léků a lékové interakce

MUDr. Michal Prokeš

Med. praxi. 2014;11(1):4-5  

The current and the new pharmacotherapy for hyperlipidemias/dyslipidemias

doc.MUDr.David Karásek, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2014;11(1):9-14  

Hyperlipidemias and dyslipidemias (HLP/DLP) represent a heterogenic group of lipid disorders. Cardiovascular events are the most serious complications of these diseases. Although, efficient and safe drugs (especially statins) are available, the high proportion of cardiovascular events remains therapeutically unaffected. Currently, an intensive research of drugs modifying levels of LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and HDL-cholesterol continues. We can expect some of them to be used in pharmacotherapy for HLP/DLP and to lead to the decrease of cardiovascular risk of our patients.

Acute respiratory infection - diagnosis and treatment from the view of otolaryngologists

MUDr.Petra Bruthansová

Med. praxi. 2014;11(1):15-17  

Review of the most common upper airway and upper digestory tract infections, their epidemiology and clinical course is presented. The paper is focused on clinical course and the diagnostical and therapeutical approach is proposed.

Sartans and ACE inhibitors in the treatment of hypertenzion

MUDr.Jiří Slíva, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2014;11(1):18-20  

Hypertension is most important and life-threatening disease affecting cardiovascular system. Drugs of choice, among others comprise of substances inhibiting RAAS, i.e. ACE inhibitors and sartans. The article summarizes current knowledge concerning the comparison of these groups of drugs in terms of fundamental pharmacological properties, clinical efficacy and safety.

The use of strong opioids in chronic pain treatment

MUDr.Eva Hegmonová

Med. praxi. 2014;11(1):22-25  

The effective management of chronic pain is fundamental goal for all clinicians, who treat the pain. Nociceptive and neuropathic pain are two basic kinds of pain, which appears separetly or in combination. The three-step analgesic ladder developed by the World Health Organisation (WHO) outlines these opioids in the management of cancer pain, and these widely accepted and extensively validated guidelines have also been influential in the application of opioid therapy for treatment of chronic, non-malignant pain. Potent opioids – such as morfin and the newer-generation agents (fentanyl, buprenorfin, oxycodon, hydromorfon and tapentadol)...

Multiple Sclerosis - Myths and Realities

MUDr.Jiří Piťha

Med. praxi. 2014;11(1):26-28  

Multiple sclerosis is the most common neurological disease of young people and middle-age, which can lead to permanent disability. The disease is heterogeneous in its immunopathogenesis and clinical course. In recent years there has been a fundamental change in the perception of the need for early diagnosis with the possibility of employing an effective treatment in the phase of the first clinical episode. Yet still survives myths and half-truths that the practitioner can make a distorted view of current reality, consisting of active and individualized approach to the patient with multiple sclerosis.

Symptoms and risks of lung cancer

prof.MUDr.Jana Skřičková, CSc., MUDr.Bohdan Kadlec, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2014;11(1):30-33  

Twenty-five percent of all the patients are younger than 60 years. In the Czech Republic, lung cancer is diagnosed in an advanced disease state. Over 60% of patients of both sexes are diagnosed in advanced stages. Exogenous factors undoubtedly play the main role in the development of lung cancer: biological (viruses), physical (ionizing radiation), and particularly chemical (carcinogens). Once symptoms appear, the cancer is already in an advanced stage. Symptoms are divided into three groups: intrathoracic or local pulmonary symptoms (their occurrence depends primarily on the localization of the tumor), extrathoracic or metastatic, and paraneoplastic...

QT prolongation caused by medicinal products

MUDr.Michal Prokeš, PharmDr.Josef Suchopár

Med. praxi. 2014;11(1):34-39  

Long QT interval is associated with increased risk of torsade de pointes (TdP), which is a polymorphic ventricular tachycardia which can cause sudden death of the patient. TdP emerges at patients with congenital QT prolongation, or TdP appears when QT prolongation is acquired, which is caused by extrinsic factors, which are usually supported by some inborn dispositions. This paper summarizes current knowledge of the QT interval prolongation that is caused by drugs and suggests appropriate measures for practicing physicians.

Care of a patient with a movement disorder in the home setting: part 3, continuation 3. Parkinson’s disease, cerebellar ataxia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, poliomyelitis acuta anterior. The most important neurological diagnosis in terms of rehabilitation

PhDr. Petr Uhlíř, Ph.D., MUDr. Milada Betlachová, MUDr. Radmil Dvořák, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2014;11(1):40-43  

The article is focused on the issues related to patients with movement disorders in domestic environment. The most frequent movement disorders that may be encountered in home care are outlined here.

Audit in clinical trials

MUDr.Anetta Jedličková

Med. praxi. 2014;11(1):44-46  

In the article are described audits in clinical trials and their organization. The author points out misconduct/fraud as a serious problem in medical research. The article contains two case reports related to fraud in clinical trials.