Platí Hippokratova přísaha i v roce 2015?

prof. MUDr. Marta Munzarová, CSc.

Med. praxi. 2015;12(1)  

Secondary prevention in patients surviving an ischemic stroke

prof.MUDr.Renata Cífková, CSc., MUDr.Peter Wohlfahrt, Ph.D., MUDr.Alena Krajčoviechová

Med. praxi. 2015;12(1):8-12  

Etiologic classification of ischemic stroke helps to establish correct diagnosis and initiate optimal therapy. The European guidelines for cardiovascular disease prevention and European Stroke Organization guidelines recommend, in patients with non-cardioembolic ischemic stroke, either a combination of aspirin and dipyridamole or clopidogrel alone as first-line therapy. Recent US guidelines also recommend aspirin alone as the drug of first choice. Patients with recent ischemic stroke and atrial fibrillation are at high risk of recurrent ischemic stroke, and are indicated for anticoagulation therapy to be usually initiated within 14 days of...

Atopic dermatitis - what´s new?

doc.MUDr.Růžena Pánková, CSc.

Med. praxi. 2015;12(1):13-18  

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic, itchy, inflammatory multifactorial disease that can occur at any age. The clinical manifestations of AD vary considerably and change with the age of the patient (atopic march). Infant, child, adolescent, and adult phases are distinguished. In the infant phase, AD affects the scalp, face, and extensor surface of the limbs. If it presents with erythroderma, differential diagnosis must be performed in order to rule out metabolic disorders and immunodeficiency. Early occurrence of AD predisposes to the development of extrinsic AD. Current research into the genetic, immunological, and epidemiological properties...

Advances in pharmacotherapy of pain

MUDr.Marek Hakl, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2015;12(1):19-21  

In recent years, new active substances, dosage forms of previously known agents as well as new combinations of drugs have emerged in the field of pharmacotherapy of pain. Among active substances, a new molecule in the class of opioids has been encountered after more than 30 years. The new substance is tapentadol, a μ-opioid agonist capable of norepinephrine reuptake inhibition in the CNS. In the field of nonopioid analgesics, aceclofenac – a preferential COX-2 inhibitor – has been newly introduced to the Czech market. In terms of treating cancer-related breakthrough pain, transmucosal fentanyls with an ultra-rapid onset of...

Cardiovascular risk in diabetics

MUDr.Petr Žák, prof.MUDr.Miroslav Souček, CSc.

Med. praxi. 2015;12(1):22-26  

Cardiovascular disease (CVD), particularly myocardial infarction and acute stroke, is the leading cause of death worldwide. According to Health Organisation (WHO) CVD is every year responsible for some 17 millions of deaths. Diabetic women are at particularly high risk of CVD; diabetes eliminates the usual female advantage for coronary disease mortality. Mechanisms linking pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes with CVD has been extensively reviewed. Insulin resistance and postprandial glycemia (PPG) are likely to explain a major part of enhanced atherothrombosis in diabetes type 2. Incretins, recently approved class of therapeutic agents for the...

Vaccination against meningococcal disease

MUDr.Pavla Křížová, CSc.

Med. praxi. 2015;12(1):27-29  

Despite the advances in medicine, invasive meningococcal disease is still one of the most deadly infectious diseases. In most European countries, vaccination against this disease is recommended. Although no vaccine universally effective against all meningococcal serogroups is currently available, protection against most meningococcal serogroups can be achieved by combining two available vaccines: MenB vaccine and tetravalent A, C, Y, and W135 conjugate vaccine. The national immunization committees in various countries update the vaccination guidelines, taking into account the epidemiological situation and development and availability of novel...

Urinary incontinence - unplesant but solvable problem

MUDr.Atanas Ivan Belkov, doc.MUDr.Martin Huser, Ph.D., MUDr.Marcela Pastorčáková, MUDr.Michal Felsinger

Med. praxi. 2015;12(1):30-33  

The topic gives information about basic diagnostic procedures for urine incontinence and way of possible therapy. Part of this article is information about new possibilities of conservative and operative therapy of urine incontinence.

The individual preferences in choice of suitable MS treatment therapy

MUDr.Marta Vachová

Med. praxi. 2015;12(1):33-37  

The decision of the type of treatment according actual health condition and personal issue of the patient is crutial for multiple sclerosis therapy. Right choice is important for adherence and effectiveness of that. We talk about personalized medicine. The basic therapeutic recommendations are based on the dates from classical clinical studies and statistically defined effectivity of the therapy. The individual strategy is necessity for maximum of the effectiveness.

The possibilities of genetic testing of physical strength in adults athletes

MUDr.Jiří Hyjánek, Ph.D., MUDr.Dalibor Pastucha, Ph.D., MBA, Mgr.Radek Vodička, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2015;12(1):39-41  

Physical condition of each individual is primarily determined by his genotype. More than 150 genes are currently described that fundamentally affect physical fitness, muscle strength and endurance of the body (mostly autosomal genes, but also on the Y chromosome and mitochondrial DNA genes). Personal genomics of sport will in the future definitely play an important role in choosing the right sport activity, methodology, training, nutrition and drug use. Some of the genes, particularly those affecting efficiency can be routinely investigated in our country.

Interní audit kvality v ambulancích Jak nezapomenout a vyhovět této každoroční povinnosti?

MUDr.Zorjan Jojko

Med. praxi. 2015;12(1):42-43  

Stoma complications

MUDr.Zuzana Adamová, MUDr.Radim Slováček, MUDr.Tomáš Bár, Jiřina Juřicová, MUDr.Petr Vlček, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2015;12(1):44-45  

Stoma complications are common, the rate varies widely, ranging from 20–70 %. They may be classified as those that are metabolic and require pharmacological intervention, skin disorders with necessity of wound care therapy and serious structural pathology where surgical intervention is essential. The aim of this article is to provide a brief overview of this topic.