Co to je za nemoc a proč ji neléčíme?

prof. MUDr. Eva Králíková, CSc.,

Med. praxi. 2019;16(2):67  

Osteoporosis in the general practitioner’s office

prof. MUDr. Vladimír Palička, CSc.

Med. praxi. 2019;16(2):73-78 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2019.012  

Osteoporosis is one of the most common diseases in modern medicine, and its sequelae are all the worse because the development of the disease is insidious and asymptomatic in the long term. Given the enormous prevalence of the disease, the role of general practitioners is of utmost importance, particularly in terms of early diagnosis and patient identification. Simple calculation aids can significantly improve identification of high-risk patients. While the key diagnostic assessment must be performed at specialized centres, the basic therapeutic processes – calcium and vitamin D supplementation, healthy lifestyle, physical activity, and prevention...

Antimicrobial therapy of urinary tract infections in primary care

MUDr. Marcela Čechová, MUDr. Michaela Matoušková

Med. praxi. 2019;16(2):79-84 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2019.013  

Urinary tract infections (UTI) are the second most frequent indication for antimicrobial therapy in primary care. Increasing bacterialresistance represents a serious epidemiological and therapeutical problem therefore rational approach to antimicrobial therapyis of great importance. For empirical management of community-acquired cystitis, the most frequent form of UTI, antimicrobialswith low risk of resistance development are preferred with nitrofurantoin considered as the first drug of choice. This article summarizescurrent options for treatment of community-acquired UTI.

Constipation and its pharmacotherapy in the general practitioner’s office

doc. MUDr. Ilja Tachecí, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2019;16(2):85-88 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2019.049  

Constipation is among the most common digestive discomforts at present. It is estimated that up to a quarter of Europe’s population suffer from constipation, with only a portion of them seeking consultation with a doctor. Transient evacuation disorders occur in the majority of the adult population, and are largely linked to changes in food intake and environmental or regimen changes. On the other hand, severe constipation reduces the quality of life and may even lead to patient disability. Constipation as a syndrome encompasses a relatively wide range of symptoms that can be a sign of functional as well as serious organic disease. The general...

Hypertension and atrial fibrillation: a complex problem requiring one comprehensive solution

doc. MUDr. Robert Holaj, CSc., MBA

Med. praxi. 2019;16(2):90-96 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2019.014  

Hypertension has a major impact on the pathogenesis, management, and prognosis of atrial fibrillation. Common consequences of hypertension, such as left ventricular hypertrophy, kidney dysfunction, cardiovascular, and cerebrovascular disorders, are recognized risk factors for AF occurrence and development of its complications. Hypertension is very common in AF patients, and evidence points toward a significant contribution of high blood pressure to AF incidence. Patients with hypertension have 1.7-fold higher risk of developing AF than normotensive individuals, and 1 in 6 cases of AF has been attributed to hypertension. Given the high incidence of...

Practical conclusions from the new 2018 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of syncope

MUDr. Jan Galuszka, Ph.D., MUDr. Karel Vykoupil, prof. MUDr. Miloš Táborský, Ph.D., FESC, FACC, MBA

Med. praxi. 2019;16(2):97-101 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2019.015  

Syncope is defined as a transient loss of consciousness due to cerebral hypoperfusion, characterized by a rapid onset, short duration, and spontaneous complete recovery. Different causes include cardiovascular system disorders, insufficient venous return, vegetative nervous system impairment, inadequate reflex response, or a combination of the above-mentioned factors. The annual incidence rate of syncope associated with medical evaluation is nearly 1 percent of the population (1). Reflex reactions account for the most frequent group of syncope from the etiological point of view, especially in young patients, followed by the group of cardiac syncope,...

Non-serious digestive disorders and self-medication option

PharmDr. Bc. Hana Kotolová, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2019;16(2):102-108  

The management of gastrointestinal disorders is a frequent cause of attending a physician or pharmacist. Despite reasons canbe different, in many cases self-treatment can be effective. At present we have a vast spectrum of medicines in free purchase. Itis also possible to prescribe registered phytopharmacological drugs in the form of supositoria, pills and drops.

Modern aspects of allergic rhinitis

MUDr. Irena Krčmová, Ph.D., MUDr. Jakub Novosad

Med. praxi. 2019;16(2):109-116  

Allergic diseases are seen as systemic diseases with organ symptoms. Allergic rhinitis is defined as a group of nasal symptoms, arising from an underlying IgE-mediated inflammation following exposure of the nasal mucosa to allergens. The basic feature of allergic rhinitis is a persistent eosinophilic inflammation accompanied by typical clinical manifestations. Allergic rhinitis develops on the basis of numerous environmental factors in a genetically predisposed individual. The symptoms of rhinitis may be spontaneously reversible or resolve following treatment. The management of allergic rhinitis involves patient education, elimination of allergens,...

Omega-3 fatty acids essential to the central nervous system

MUDr. Jiří Slíva, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2019;16(2):118-120  

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (FA) are highly valued for their beneficial effects on human health. The article focuses onmapping their benefits from the point of view of psychiatric illnesses (namely depression), however, they are intensively studiedpractically across all branches of medicine.

Principles of woman´s breast care

MUDr. Miroslava Skovajsová, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2019;16(2):125-129 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2019.018  

In the Czech Republic the audited countrywide breast cancer screening has been already successfully functional for sixteen years, including regular quality control and outcome data presentations. Thus, breast cancer mortality in the Czech Republic has been reduced by 30%. Generally speaking, the preventive measures of woman´s breast care are age-dependent. In fertile period under 40 years of age only the self-examination of breast is indicated, complemented by ultrasonography when needed. Preventive care in pre-screening age, i.e.under 45, should be based on individual decision with awareness of relevant risk factors. Since 40 years of age the transparency...

Impact of nutrition on chronic wound and inflammation healing

MUDr. Zuzana Kala Grofová

Med. praxi. 2019;16(2):130-132  

Nutrition is an important factor in chronic wound and sore healing. It provides building blocks and micronutrients which take partin healing processes. Good blood circulation and healability of wound are the basic conditions. In wounds that are not possibleto be healed nutrition enhances a quality of life. In poor blood circulation nutrition impact is diminished. An appropriate incomeof proteins is essential, important micronutrients are vitamins C, E, A, zinc, copper, selenium and others. The wound needs alsoenergy for healing in all healing pfases. An enhanced protein income plays its role in pressure ulcers prevention.

Hemoroidální onemocnění a možnosti jeho léčby

MUDr. Pavel Rutar

Med. praxi. 2019;16(2):122-124  

Dva litry PEG s kyselinou askorbovou je dobře snášená a účinná očista střeva před endoskopickým vyšetřením

MUDr. Pavel Rutar

Med. praxi. 2019;16(2):133-134