Covidový rok v lázních

MUDr. Eduard Bláha

Med. praxi. 2021;18(2):83  

The role of the general practitioner in the complex management of a patient with heart failure

MUDr. Renáta Aiglová, MUDr. Marie Lazárová, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2021;18(2):88-91 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2021.014  

Chronic heart failure is a major medical and socioeconomic problem. Patients with chronic heart failure are burdened by high morbidity and require systematic care, which includes repeated education of the regimen, gradual uptitration of therapy to the maximum tolerated doses, care for patients with mechanical cardiac support or palliative care. Repeated hospitalizations for heart failure significantly worsen the quality of life of patients, adversely affect their mortality and are also an economic burden on the health system. Given the growing prevalence of heart failure, cooperation at multiple levels of the health system, especially at the level...

Anaphylaxis

MUDr. Magdalena Herknerová, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2021;18(2):92-96 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2021.015  

Anaphylaxis is a serious systemic hypersensitivity reaction. Anaphylaxis is caused by the systemic release of mediators (histamine, tryptase et al.) from the effector cells (mastocytes et al.). Anaphylactic reaction affects more systems and is potentially fatal. The most frequent triggers are food, drugs, insect venoms. The etymology of the word "anaphylaxis" is explained. The paper presents the current knowledge of pathophysiology, phenotypes, triggers, risk factors and cofactors. The most important part focuses on the epinephrine autoinjektor as the life-saving emergency medication without absolute contraindication.

Effective doctor-patient communication is the key to success

prof. MUDr. Michal Vrablík, Ph.D., doc. MUDr. Ludmila Brunerová, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2021;18(2):98-103 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2021.016  

Hypertension and dyslipidaemia are two cardiovascular risk factors that often co-occur. This may even be the case in relatively young people. There is evidence that early simultaneous control of these risk factors potentiates patient benefit. However, particularly in younger individuals, low adherence to the management of cardiovascular risk factors is encountered. The adherence to recommended pharmacological as well as non-pharmacological interventions can be improved by proper doctor-patient communication, such as communicating cardiovascular risk to patients using the vascular age concept. A simple pharmacotherapy regimen utilizing fixed drug combinations...

Diabetic patient in a general practitioner's office - part 1 Type 2 diabetes mellitus and its treatment

MUDr. Pavlína Piťhová, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2021;18(2):104-111 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2021.017  

Diabetes mellitus means presence of chronic hyperglycaemia caused by many external and internal conditions. The most frequently present type is Type 2 diabetes. In its pathogenesis play important role insulin resistance and disturbance of insulin secretion. Diabetic patients are extremely risky in development of macrovascular complications and diabetes is considered to be an equivalent of present cardiovascular disorder. In treatment of diabetes we start with lifestyle changes, weight reduction and metformin at the same time. In not optimal metabolic compensation, we add to metformin another drug or insulin.

Managing climacteric problems in the general practitioner's surgery

doc. MUDr. Peter Koliba, CSc.

Med. praxi. 2021;18(2):117-122 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2021.019  

A review article on the current management options for climacteric problems in the general practitioner's surgery is presented. The climacteric is a natural period in the life of a woman in which there is a decline in oestrogen and progesterone production, which in some women may require medical attention. Climacteric problems are not completely natural, particularly when affecting a woman's everyday life, and should be paid attention to, diagnosed, and treated by health care providers. Hormonal therapy is not primarily intended for general practice. Nevertheless, a number of recommendations and alternative treatment options are available. In many...

Venoactive drug therapy in surgical or endovenous treatment for varicose veins

MUDr. Robert Vlachovský, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2021;18(2):123-127 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2021.020  

Lower limb varicose veins can be treated with endovenous ablation procedures or with minimally invasive open techniques. We investigated whether venoactive drugs used to treat chronic venous disease (CVD), provide benefits to patients undergoing or recovering from a varicose vein procedure. We conducted a systematic review of the literature to identify clinical trials investigating venoactive drugs therapy before, during, or after a surgical, endovenous, or sclerotherapy procedure for varicose veins. We identified five clinical trials investigating the effects of venoactive drugs on recovery after interventions. All studies reported the use of micronized...

Drug-induced acute kidney injury

MUDr. Michal Prokeš, PharmDr. Josef Suchopár

Med. praxi. 2021;18(2):133-139  

Drug-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is a relatively common adverse event, and in some cases, drugs that have long-term nephroprotective properties may also contribute to it. This article provides basic information about the pathogenesis of AKI, the risk factors for AKI, and the symptoms of AKI, and contains a list of drugs that are associated with the development of AKI.

A new trend in initiating the treatment of hypertension

MUDr. Barbora Nussbaumerová, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2021;18(2):140-142  

A case report of a hypertensive man with mild hypertension and middle cardiovascular risk is presented. The pharmacotherapy of hypertension was iniciated with a fixed combination of an angiotensin enzyme inhibitor and a calcium channel blocker. This fixed combination was well tolerated. The blood pressure was decreased and the cardiovascular prognosis was improved.

Complicated courses of salmonellosis

MUDr. Irena Orságová, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2021;18(2):143-144 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2021.024  

Although diarrhea is the most common manifestation of non-typhoid salmonellosis, the disease can have an exceptionally complicated course with sepsis or as various extraintestinal localized processes, such as arthritis. Complications usually occur in immunocompromised individuals. The report presents case reports of two patients with a complicated course of salmonellosis.

Current position of nimesulide in a variety of non-opioid analgesics

MUDr. Jiří Slíva, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2021;18(2):113-116  

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the cornerstone of the treatment of a wide range of painful conditions. Their efficiency and safety are well known. For more than three decades, nimesulide has been a successful representative of a subgroup of preferentially-acting NSAIDs. This text summarizes its basic characteristics, in the context of its obvious benefits and potential risks that define its position among other NSAIDs.

Lékař v mobilu Jak digitální technologie mění klasické fungování vztahu mezi lékaři a pacienty

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Med. praxi. 2021;18(2):145-146  

Zaznělo na 1. podzimním on-line kongrese Medicíny pro praxi prosinec 2020-listopad 2021
Zapomenutý vitamin B12
prof. MUDr. Milan Kvapil, CSc., MBA – Interní klinika 2. LF UK a FN Motol, Praha

MUDr. Zuzana Zafarová

Med. praxi. 2021;18(2):129-132