Eutanazie pohledem studentky medicíny

Tina Neumannová, MUDr. Jiří Neumann, FESO

Med. praxi. 2023;20(2):79-80  

Therapy of diarrhea of non­‑infectious origin

PharmDr. MVDr. Vilma Vranová, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2023;20(2):85-89 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2023.012  

Acute diarrhea has most commonly an infectious origin, the basis of pharmacotherapy is rehydration, diet, and optimal pharmacotherapy. With chronic diarrhea, the basis is correct diagnosis, we should not forget less common causes of diarrhea, such as side effects of drugs, irritable bowel syndrome, or adverse reactions to food. The communication is devoted to these causes, their prevention, and therapy.

New Council of the EU recommendation on cancer screening

RNDr. Ondřej Májek, Ph.D., Mgr. Kristýna Králová, Mgr. Aneta Lopourová, PhDr. Karel Hejduk, Mgr. Ondřej Ngo, prof. MUDr. Vlastimil Válek, CSc., MBA, EBIR, prof. RNDr. Ladislav Dušek, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2023;20(2):90-93 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2023.013  

During the Czech Presidency of the Council of the European Union, a recommendation on cancer screening was approved in December 2022. This is an update of the 2003 recommendation, which helped shape health policy in the Czech Republic and other member states; update according to the latest scientific evidence had nevertheless been recommended. The approved recommendation includes six cancer diagnoses. Screening for breast, cervical and colorectal cancer was complemented by screening for lung, prostate and gastric cancer; the technical specifications of these screenings will be further specified in guidelines issued by the European Commission. To a...

Hepatitis E virus: a pathogen of rising significance

MUDr. Eva Pernicová, MBA

Med. praxi. 2023;20(2):94-96 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2023.014  

Hepatitis E disease is caused by an RNA hepatitis E virus of the Hepeviridae family. The four genotypes pathogenic to humans account for more than 3 million symptomatic diseases worldwide each year. The disease is spread through the consumption of undercooked meat, contaminated water or food, or via person-to-person contact, depending on the virus genotype. Interhuman transmission is less common in our country. Hepatitis E infection is usually a mild disease. However, it may have severe extrahepatic manifestations and can be life-threatening in pregnant women and immunocompromised persons. There are thousands of deaths related to hepatitis E liver...

Foot disease in the eldery in ambulatory care

Mgr. Marie Holubová, Ph.D., Mgr. Iva Machková, Dis., Mgr. Kristýna Šoukalová, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2023;20(2):97-103 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2023.015  

Introduction: The article presents an overview of the most common diseases that can occur on the feet of the elderly people. Findings on the feet are described, which are divided into three areas according to the cause of their occurrence: dermatological, podiatric, and orthopedic defects. Objectives: The aim of the article is to describe the most common pathological findings and subjective problems occurring on the legs of the observed group of elderly people from the orthopedic clinic. Methods: Data were obtained through observation and questioning. The sample of respondents consisted of 138 people aged 65 and over. Results: Leg pathology is closely...

A random finding of splenomegaly as the main symptom leading to the diagnosis of Niemann­‑Pick type B disease in an adult patient

doc. RNDr. MUDr. Pavel Ješina, Ph.D., MUDr. Alena Kopecká

Med. praxi. 2023;20(2):112-114 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2023.016  

Niemann-Pick disease type B (NPB) is a rare inherited metabolic disease that has a very wide spectrum of symptoms with different ages of onset and severity. Accurate diagnosis is based on an enzymological and genetic examination. Currently, a specific treatment using enzyme replacement therapy with olipudase alfa is already available. In this article, we present an adult patient with a random finding of splenomegaly, in whom the diagnosis of NPB was subsequently confirmed.

Hypo/hypervitaminosis - part 1 - Water­‑soluble vitamins

Mgr. Miroslava Kamenská

Med. praxi. 2023;20(2):120-126 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2023.017  

This article summarizes current information about the function, source and bioavailability of individual hydrosoluble B-complex vitamins and vitamin C. Furthemore, it shows dietary reference values stated by European Food Safety Authority for adult population, lists hypovitaminosis high-risk groups and states potential complications that could arise from ingesting these compounds.

Modern trends in prophylaxis of lower urinary tract infections

MUDr. Hana Musilová, MUDr. Roman Staněk

Med. praxi. 2023;20(2):104-110  

Urinary tract infections are very frequent diagnose among bacterial infections. Illness mostly affect women than men (20:1). Prophylaxis lower urinary tract infections is provided by antimicrobial or non-antimicrobial ways. Regarding to increased antibiotics resistance of bacterial strains, modern medicine tend to looking for new non-antimictobial ways of prophylaxis of lower urinary tract infections and decrease frequency of using antibiotic therapy.

Healthy practitioner's office

Mgr. Tomáš Mixa

Med. praxi. 2023;20(2):116-118 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2023.019  

Every office for physicians must comply with a lot of legislative and hygiene regulations. When this is accomplished, there is rarely any energy left to think through the other small details. However, it is these small details that will determine whether you will work well or poorly in the surgery. Ergonomics is a scientific discipline that defines the rules for the possibility of healthy work. It is no less important to apply these principles in the general practitioner's office. The following text introduces you to the principles of a healthy doctor's office.