Špatná zpráva; možné reakce pacienta a jejich zvládání (2. část)

MUDr. Radkin Honzák, CSc.

Med. praxi. 2023;20(4):195  

Rheumatoid arthritis - diagnosis and treatment

prof. MUDr. Petr Němec, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2023;20(4):201-210 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2023.034  

Rheumatoid arthritis is a severe chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease affecting 0.5-1% of the population, with a predominance of middle-aged women. Typical symptoms of the disease include pain and stiffness, especially in the small joints of the hands or feet, predominating in the morning, and fatigue. Chronic inflammation of the joints results in structural damage with significant impairment of physical and occupational abilities and impaired quality of life. Extra-articular manifestations of the disease and comorbidities may increase mortality. The diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis can be established based on a well-taken medical history, and...

Herpes zoster, symptoms and therapy

MUDr. et MUDr. Pavel Konrád

Med. praxi. 2023;20(4):212-218 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2023.035  

Shingles (herpes zoster) is an acute segmental disease with skin and neurological manifestations, usually typical of the clinical picture and course, which is caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV) of the herpesvirus group. It is an expression of reactivation of the virus, which persists in the sensitive ganglia of the human body after primoinfection with chickenpox. Reactivation occurs as a result of immunosuppression due to age, disease, immunosuppressive treatment or another stress factor. Since it is classified as precancerous, screening patients is recommended after shingles. The course of the diseases may be more severe in individuals with...

The progression of vaccines - where it's going, sorts, effect, new recommendations

MUDr. Pavel Slezák

Med. praxi. 2023;20(4):219-222 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2023.033  

The development of vaccines, types, effects, new recommendations. Vaccination is one of the greatest discoveries in the field of medicine. Although vaccination has a long history, it is still evolving, and the development is accelerating. The article is a methodical introduction to the issue of vaccination with a focus on adults. It describes the basic directions of vaccine development, types of vaccines, and the basic principles of their effect. In the conclusion, basic recommendations for vaccination of adults are formulated: comply with prescribed regular vaccinations, recommend seasonally important vaccinations, vaccinate pregnant women, focus...

Current options of covid-19 management in 2023

MUDr. Roman Stebel, Ph.D., prof. MUDr. Petr Husa, CSc.

Med. praxi. 2023;20(4):223-228 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2023.032  

The overview article mostly deals with the most recent strategies and procedures in covid-19 treatment three years after its first occurrence. Emphasis is put on using this knowledge in medical practice. In the year 2023 the targeted therapy for SARS-CoV-2 infection is based on the results of robust randomized controlled studies. In out-patient setting, the most important is to evaluate whether home treatment is an option for the specific patient or if the patient should be sent for hospitalization. For patients treated in out-patient care with mild or moderate infection of covid-19, today we have perioral antiviral drugs nirmatrelvir/ritonavir and...

Current options for the treatment of obesity

prof. MUDr. Martin Haluzík, DrSc., MUDr. Iva Jakubíková, MUDr. Michaela Kudláčková, MUDr. Luděk Horváth

Med. praxi. 2023;20(4):230-234 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2023.036  

Obesity is one of the most important risk factors for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus and is a major contributor to other diseases such as arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, sleep apnoea syndrome and many others. The combination of obesity and the aforementioned associated diseases, often referred to as the metabolic syndrome, leads to a significant increase in the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and, in the case of diabetes, microvascular complications. The prevalence of obesity is steadily increasing worldwide and the costs of treating its associated complications and chronic consequences are rising very significantly....

Palliative care (how to communicate with the patient)

MUDr. Hana Švébišová, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2023;20(4):236-239 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2023.037  

People in the final stages of the disease want to die at home, and experts agree that up to 95 % of patients have such a wish. During the dying period, the patient loses all the certainties he had until now. The GP could be the person the patient and family can turn to in this situation. Good communication and trust between the general practitioner and the patient and his family can help to manage terminal care for each patient.

Komentář k článku: A Review of Aceclofenac: Analgesic and Anti­‑Inflammatory Effects on Musculoskeletal Disorders

MUDr. Pavlína Nosková, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2023;20(4):247-249  

Chronic venous disease in Czech real practice - results of the CVDcontrol II survey of general practitioners in 2022

doc. MUDr. Radovan Malý, Ph.D., MUDr. Zuzana Zafarová

Med. praxi. 2023;20(4):241-246  

The CVDcontrol II survey evaluated the epidemiological data on chronic venous disease (CVD) and the current practice of diagnosis and treatment of CVD in general practitioners' offices in the Czech Republic. It followed up on the findings of the CVDcontrol survey conducted in 2019 among specialists (angiologists, dermatologists and vascular surgeons), which showed a delayed initiation of treatment for this progressive disease and the need for earlier detection. GPs, 298 of whom participated in CVDcontrol II, could play an important role here. This new survey included 2980 adult patients with previously or newly diagnosed CVD screened between April...