Slovo úvodem

MUDr.Michal Vrablík, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2010;7(1):3  

Pharmacotherapy of dyslipidemia

MUDr.Michal Vrablík, Ph.D., MUDr.Michaela Šnejdrlová

Med. praxi. 2010;7(1):6-9  

Pharmacotherapy of dyslipidemia is a corner stone of prevention of cardiovascular complications in high-risk patients. Best documented lipid lowering agents are statins being used in monotherapy as well as the core of combination treatment regimens. Fibrates, ezetimibe, resins and (in the Czech Republic still unavailable) niacin represent other treatment options of dyslipidemia. Complex intervention of all lipid abnormalities using combination of different drug classes is a new approach to achieve further reduction of cardiovascular atherothrombotic complications.

What´s news in the treatment of haemorrhoids ?

MUDr.Petr Vlček, Ph.D., MUDr.Jiří Korbička, Ph.D., MUDr.Petr Diviš, MUDr.Štěpán Chalupník, MUDr.Václav Jedlička, Ph.D., prof.MUDr.Ivan Čapov, CSc., doc.MUDr.Lenka Veverková, Ph.D., MUDr.Jan Doležel, Ph.D., MUDr.Radek Tomčík

Med. praxi. 2010;7(1):9-13  

This article describes various treatment options, in the office and outpatient setting, as well as the use the newer devices available to treat haemorrhoids. This new devices such as the Liga Sure, PPH stapler and radiofrequency ablation devices were developed as physicians pursue the „Holy Grail“ of the treatment of haemorrhoidal disease, which is a painless haemorrhoidectomy. The authors have reviewed the curent methods and give their considered opinion on the proper use of these modalities.

Prebiotics and probiotics in clinical practice

MUDr.Svatopluk Solař

Med. praxi. 2010;7(1):14-18  

The small intestine is of essential significance for assimilation, plays a role as the main mechanical and immunological barrier separating the external and internal environment, and of equal significance is its endocrine, exocrine and paracrine humoral activity. Developmentally, it arises from the ectoderm, the same germ layer as the brain; that is why substances identical in their composition and function are produced in both organs, which often have an important regulatory effect, virtually from birth. The large intestine is not only an organ of water and electrolyte absorption and the site of evacuation of indigestible food consumed but...

Obesity - diagnostics and treatment in the general practice

MUDr.Radka Braunerová, Ph.D., doc.MUDr.Vojtěch Hainer, CSc.

Med. praxi. 2010;7(1):19-22  

Obesity has become a serious global health and socioeconomic problem. Prevalence of obesity has been rising steadily in both developed and developing countries. Obesity increases the risk of a wide range of diseases, especially cardiovascular and metabolic, as well as oncological diseases, and psychiatric and locomotive disorders. It is associated with increased mortality. To characterize obesity not only body weight and Body Mass Index are determined but also waist circumference is measured as an indicator of the amount of abdominal fat. The therapeutic approach includes low energy diet and increased physical activity, which can be supported...

Fibromyalgia and fatigue syndrome - current status in diagnosing and treatment

doc.MUDr.Jaromír Bystroň, CSc.

Med. praxi. 2010;7(1):23-27  

The author presents a review article on recent knowledge in aetiopathogenesis, diagnosing and treatment of fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome with a greater emphasis on chronic fatigue syndrome.

Practical aspects of the eye effection of diabetics

MUDr.Eva Rencová

Med. praxi. 2010;7(1):28-31  

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the main cause of blindness in the working population. The aim of paper is to improve the cooperation between diabetologists and ophthalmologists to avoid DR and its complications. In patients with the diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) an ophthalmological examination should be indicated by a diabetologist or a general practitioner immediately after the diagnosis. An ophthalmologist evaluates a tendency to the development of diabetic macular oedema (DME) and recommends a statin therapy and or with direct macular photocoagulation (in the case of clinical significantly macular edema – CSME). In patients with the...

Acute otitis media in a general practitioner’s praxis

MUDr.Jakub Dršata, Ph.D., MUDr.Lukáš Školoudík, MUDr.Katarína Zborayová, doc.MUDr.Jan Vokurka, CSc., MUDr.Petr Čelakovský, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2010;7(1):32-34  

Acute otitis media is a frequent, typically well recognizable and treatable disease. Its representative form is an acute purulent otitis media (AOM). This is typical for a children age. The diagnosis assessment is based on a symptomatology of otalgia, common cold signs and an otoskopic finding of changes on the eardrum. The otogene complication must be excluded. The differential diagnosis includes first of all external ear canal inflammation. Four stages can be distinguished in the course of the disease. Patient follow-up can be terminated after withdrawal of clinical signs and middle ear pressure normalisation. The treatment of OMA must be...

Advanced infliction of heart muscle while ischaemic heart disease in a young man

MUDr.Ivana Horková, MUDr.Renata Valentíková, MUDr.Pavel Třeštík

Med. praxi. 2010;7(1):35-37  

Chronic heart failure is a group of symptoms, which are charakterized by dysfunction of heart as a pump. Ischaemic heart disease (IHD), cardiomyopathy (DCM) are the leading causes of this problem. Advanced forms of IHD can manifest similarly to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Distinguishing can be difficult without invasive investigation techniques. In the clinical scenario we present a young man, whose first manifestation of IHD was a heart failure. It was the coronary angiography which showed a severe coronary artery disease which required a cardiovascular surgery.

Differential diagnosis and treatment of fever of unknown origin

MUDr.Dita Smíšková

Med. praxi. 2010;7(1):41-43  

Fever of unknown origin may be caused by a variety of factors. The most common include infections, autoimmune diseases and malignancies the proportion of which varies across different age groups. A thorough history and physical examination are always essential. A uniform algorithm of the procedure cannot be established; the approach must be individual. Of major importance is good physicianpatient communication.

Nutrition in pregnancy

MUDr.Zuzana Grofová

Med. praxi. 2010;7(1):38-40  

A proper nutrition in pregnancy plays a key role for both, a mother and a child. Recommended weight gain differs according to a mother´s nutritional status, weight gain in obese mothers should be limited. Undernourished mothers shall be fed as well as possible, because a poor nutrition status influences a child´s growth. Recommendations for protein and saccharide intake are slightly different in WHO and other resources. Lipid composition is very important because of maturation of CNS and surfactant presence in lungs. It is known high doses of some micronutrients may be harmful (vit. A) however it has occured in recent studies that other ones...

Patient with the chronic bronchitis in centre of the tobacco depending

Vladislava Felbrová

Med. praxi. 2010;7(1):44-45

The work of a nurse is no doubt very demanding in all fields of health care. It requires high qualification and commitment in contemporary nursing care. The problem of smoking must also be borne in mind. Tobacco dependence (Diagnosis F17) is a serious condition. A nurse of any speciality should perform a brief intervention (inspection, auscultation, palpation, percussion, and rectal examination) during every contact with the patient.