Český den proti rakovině

MUDr. Vladimíra Stáhalová

Med. Pro Praxi 2010; 7(6-7): 251  

Why is the incidence of tick-borne meningoencephalitis in the czech republic still high ?

prof. MUDr. Jiří Havlík, DrSc.

Med. Pro Praxi 2010; 7(6-7): 254-256  

In the last seventy years, ticks have been confirmed as carriers of four infectious agents that can cause disease in humans. The most serious of them is the virus of tick-borne meningoencephalitis, a disease reported annually in more than 700, mostly middle-aged and elderly, people in the Czech Republic. Of them, two to four die of the disease every year and tens of others have lifelong consequences. Safe protection for both children and adults is provided by an inactivated vaccine; the administration of the basic three doses guarantees protection from the disease for at least three years. If, particularly in the older generation, the vaccination...

Management of hypertension in everyday practice

prof. MUDr. Jiří Widimský, DrSc., FESC, FAHA

Med. Pro Praxi 2010; 7(6-7): 257-262  

The paper deals with the fundamentals of hypertension management including nonpharmacological therapy. Major attention is paid to pharmacotherapy which involves ACE inhibitors, AT1 blockers, diuretics, calcium channel blockers and beta blockers. The author discusses when to initiate pharmacotherapy and what the goals of hypertension management are. The paper also mentions the fundamentals of combination therapy. The preferences for antihypertensive treatment based on the European Society of Hypertension 2007 Guidelines for the management of hypertension as well as urgent and possible contraindications of the main groups of antihypertensive drugs...

Co-operation of general practitioner and specialist in care for dialysed patients

MUDr. Jitka Řehořová, MUDr. Soňa Štěpánková, MUDr. Jakub Ševčík

Med. Pro Praxi 2010; 7(6-7): 263-267  

End stage kidney disease (ESKD) leads to burdensome medical, social and economic consequences. There are over eight thousands ESKD patients in the Czech republic. The diagnosis of ESKD is often made late due to poor symptomatology. At all one tenth persons of general population suffers by any degree of chronic kidney disease. The preventive care provided by general practitioners (GP) is principal. Simple exam of urine sedimentation, basic biochemistry of blood and measurement of blood pressure can reveal a nefropathy. In case of ESKD, the co-operation of GP and nephrologist of hemodialysis unit is essential. Nowadays so called „dialysis for...

Gastrointestinal immune system

MUDr. Filip Závada, Ph.D.

Med. Pro Praxi 2010; 7(6-7): 268-269  

Review article introduces the basic components of the gastrointestinal immune system, which is linked to other mucosal immune systems in a functional whole. The most important components of this system are Peyerovy plate, lamina propria and intraepithelial lymphocytes. Among these components run so far not fully explored the interaction accurately, providing a complex operation of the system and the integrity of the organism. In conclusion, the article provides an overview of the most important diseases of the gastrointestinal system with ground imunopatologickým.

Problems of benign prostatic hyperplasia at the general practice

MUDr. Marcel Nesvadba, MUDr. Jaroslav Porš, MUDr. Martina Poršová, MUDr. Ivan Kolombo, FEBU

Med. Pro Praxi 2010; 7(6-7): 270-273  

The care for patiens with benign prostatic hyperplasia is in the hands of the urologist but the Essentials knowledge of the etiopatogenesis, diagnostics and treatment can be useful fot every general practicioners and lead to other collaboration with the specialist. The article summarises the contemporary possibilities on that problem.

Hemorrhoid disease - examination and treatment

MUDr. Jiří Korbička, Ph.D.1,, MUDr. Petr Vlček, Ph.D.1,, MUDr. Štěpán Chalupník1,, MUDr. Jan Doležel, Ph.D.1,, prof. MUDr. Ivan Čapov, CSc.1,, MUDr. Radek Tomčík2

Med. Pro Praxi 2010; 7(6-7): 274-278  

Patiens having some problems with anorectum or defecation comming very often to their physicians asked them for something against haemorrhoid. Term haemorrhoid marking normal anatomic structures essential for fecal continence. Only when haemorroid nodes are cause of different troubeles, there is talking about haemorrhoid disease which needs firstly investigations especially for risk of rectal cancer camouflage. After it some modality of treatment begins if there is necessary – conservative or surgical.

Patients with venous leg ulcus in an outpatient general practicioner

MUDr. Zuzana Navrátilová, Ph.D.

Med. Pro Praxi 2010; 7(6-7): 280-283  

The patients suffered from various types of leg ulcers are usually examined by the general practitioner. The chronic venous insufficiency is the most frequent reason of developing leg ulcer. The diagnostic of this type of ulcers is based on typical clinical picture and adequate investigation of venous system. The therapy is designed on the knowledge of the pathophysiology of chronic venous disease and resulting microcirculation and subctunaeous tissue changes as well as on principles of wound healing. The proper compressive therapy, choice of right dressing, elimination of risk factors for healing and restoring health condition as well as patient´s...

Vertigo from the viewpoint of an ENT specialist

doc. MUDr. Aleš Hahn, CSc.

Med. Pro Praxi 2010; 7(6-7): 284-286  

The author briefly describes the pathophysiology of balance disorders with particular emphasis on peripheral vestibular disorders. The most common conditions known to cause these disorders are reported. The author deals with the diagnosis and treatment emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary cooperation as well as the role and options of the general practitioner in the treatment of vertiginous conditions.

Reasons for the deterioration of organisms by sun radiation and fotoprotection necessity

MUDr. Milena Jirásková, CSc.1,, Ing. Lubor Jirásek, CSc.2

Med. Pro Praxi 2010; 7(6-7): 287-292  

Atmospheric changes associated with increased penetration of harmful UV radiation require better skin protection with clothing and cosmetics produced especially for this purpose. UV filters should optimally protect skin in ratio 1:1 (UVB:UVA). They should be applied on exposed areas 30 minutes before sun exposure and during the day the application should be repeated multiple times. Essentially we should not expose ourselves to sunshine between 10 am and 3 pm and children under 3 years of age should not be exposed at all. The quality and principles of protection are regulated by European institution COLIPA. Recently a great attention is paid to...

Proximal diabetic neuropathy

MUDr. Bořek Tuček,, MUDr. Radim Mazanec, Ph.D.

Med. Pro Praxi 2010; 7(6-7): 293-295  

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most common aetiologic factor of neuropathy in the developed countries. Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is among significant metabolic and microvascular complications of both type I and type II diabetes mellitus. Proximal diabetic amyotrophy is a specific entity of diabetic neuropathy occurring more often in type I diabetes than type II diabetes and is not related to the duration of DM. The incidence rate is low (0.3–1.1 %) but its course is typically dramatic with marked disability of the patient. This type of neuropathy is reversible but improvement may be very slow and take months to occur. In a 63-year-old female...

Migréna - diferenciální diagnostika a léčba

MUDr. Jiří Neumann

Med. Pro Praxi 2010; 7(6-7): 295-298  

HRCT of lungs - technique, CT anatomy, basic types of pathological findings

MUDr. Zdeněk Chudáček, Ph.D.

Med. Pro Praxi 2010; 7(6-7): 299-303  

High-resolution computerized tomography (HRCT) of the lung participates in the diagnostics of the diffuse lung diseases for more than two decades. Today in most cases this method is essential for the determination of the diagnosis, follow up and targeting of the invasive diagnostic procedures. In this article the autor makes a broad survey of the basic problems in HRCT of the lung, which became a comprehensive and important discipline in imaging of today.

„Upozornění“ pro lékaře závodní preventivní péče

doc. MUDr. Svatopluk Býma, CSc.1,, MUDr. Václav Šmatlák2,, MUDr. Toman Horáček3,, MUDr. Jana Uhrová4

Med. Pro Praxi 2010; 7(6-7): 292  

Autodidaktický test 6/2010

Med. Pro Praxi 2010; 7(6-7): 303