Trochu empatie

MUDr. Zuzana Blechová

Med. praxi 2013; 10(11-12): 359  

Whooping cough is not a disease of the past

MUDr.Renata Vaverková

Med. praxi 2013; 10(11-12): 366-368  

Pertussis (whooping cough) is a highly contagious, acute respiratory illness of humans that is caused by the gram-negative bacterial pathogen Bordetella pertussis. Although pertussis is relatively well controlled at present by extensive vaccination programs, it is evident that the circulation of infection throughout the world population largely unabated. Adults are a reservoir for infections in very young infants, in whom pertussis may be severe and life-threatening.

Adherence and how to influence it

doc.MUDr.Michal Vrablík, Ph.D.

Med. praxi 2013; 10(11-12): 369-371  

Adherence to treatment has been paid a great deal of attention in recent years. We already know that cooperation with patients significantly affects treatment outcome and non-adherent behaviour borne in mind more often. There are a number of ways how to influence adherence. The main role in this regard is played by the physician and other health care workers. Repeated, systematic education with the use of methods improving its efficacy (written documentation, use of illustrative materials and models) increases the understanding of the disease as well as the therapeutic intervention by the patient, which is an essential precondition for improved...

Functional dyspeptic disorders: Irritable Bowel Syndrome

MUDr.Jan Šťovíček

Med. praxi 2013; 10(11-12): 372-375  

Functional digestive disorders are a group of conditions in which the patient's symptoms are not determined by organic disease, but by impaired organ function. The nomenclature and diagnostic criteria for functional dyspeptic disorders are defined in the Rome III criteria from the year 2006. One of the most common forms of the disease is irritable bowel syndrome characterized by abdominal pain and impaired bowel movements. Diagnosis is based primarily on a detailed analysis of the anamnesis. Colonoscopy should be performed on patients older than 50 years, patients with alarming symptoms, and patients with a positive family history. A prerequisite...

Venous thromboembolic disease and anticoagulant therapy in elderly patients

doc.MUDr.Dalibor Musil, Ph.D.

Med. praxi 2013; 10(11-12): 376-379  

The occurrence of venous thromboembolic disease (VTD) is very closely related to age. Elderly, hospitalized persons of both sexes are the most vulnerable group. Acquired and external risk factors are involved to a greater degree here. Hereditary factors have a smaller effect in comparison with young individuals. The diagnosis of VTD in the elderly is similar to that in other age groups; however, the proportion of asymptomatic venous thromboses increases significantly in older age. The efficacy of oral anticoagulant therapy in elderly patients is most influenced by their current clinical condition, their diet composition, including possible...

Diagnosis and management of lower gastrointestinal bleeding

MUDr.Zuzana Adamová, MUDr.Radim Slováček

Med. praxi 2013; 10(11-12): 380-382  

Lower gastrointestinal bleeding can present as an acute and life-threatening event or as chronic bleeding with iron-deficiency anaemia, faecal occult blood or intermittent hematochezia. Identifying the source of bleeding can be difficult since many patients bleed intermittently or stop bleeding spontaneously. Diverticula, angiodysplasia, neoplasm, colitis, ischemia, anorectal disorders and postpolypectomy bleeding are the most common causes. Colonoscopy is the diagnostic and therapeutic procedure of choice. This review summarizes the most frequent sources of bleeding, current methods available for the diagnosis and treatment of acute lower...

Clinical recomendations of community - acquired pneumonia diagnosis and treatment

MUDr.Petr Jakubec, prof.MUDr.Vítězslav Kolek, DrSc.

Med. praxi 2013; 10(11-12): 388-392  

Community-acquired pneumonia is common and potentially serious illness with considerable morbidity and mortality, particularly in elderly patients and significant comorbidities. It is the third most frequent cause of death in the world and leads to 3–5 milions of death per year. Diagnosis of pneumonia is based on history, physical examination and finding of new infiltrate on chest radiograph, but many other diagnostic examinations are performed as well. The cornerstone of pneumonia management is antibiotic therapy, but a lot of other therapeutic procedures is necessary to use in the case of severe pneumonia.

Care of a patient with a movement disorder in the home setting: part 3, continuation

PhDr.Petr Uhlíř, Ph.D., MUDr.Milada Betlachová, MUDr.Radmil Dvořák, Ph.D.

Med. praxi 2013; 10(11-12): 398-400  

Multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy The most important neurological diagnosis in terms of rehabilitation The article is focused on the issues related to patients with movement disorders in domestic environment. The most frequent movement disorders that may be encountered in home care are outlined here. Further, the most frequent causes of movement disorders are discussed. Particular emphasis is given to a complex care of patients suffering with movement disorders. This part deals with patients with multiple sclerosis and cerebral palsy.

Duality of nurse qualifying education in the Czech Republic

Mgr.Zdeňka Mikšová, Ph.D., Mgr.Martin Šamaj, PhDr.Lenka Machálková, Ph.D., Mgr.Jana Kameníčková

Med. praxi 2013; 10(11-12): 401-402  

The article describes the current duality situation of nurse qualifying education in the Czech Republic and related problems. The article furthermore focuses on inconsistent management competence implementation built on assumptions acquired through education, which might be inefficient from the perspective of the health care security process. Partial outcomes of the research „Strategic concept in relation to transformation of paramedical professions in the Czech Republic“, made within the Framework of IGA MZ ČR, are presented within the article.

Arcus lipoides corneae

MUDr. Eva Tůmová, doc. MUDr. Michal Vrablík, CSc.

Med. praxi 2013; 10(11-12): 395  

12. setkání lékařů ČR a SR v Litomyšli - alergie, imunita, astma a CHOPN

MUDr. Jiří Novák

Med. praxi 2013; 10(11-12): 392  

Diskuze o antibioticích trochu jinak

Med. praxi 2013; 10(11-12): 393-394  

Společnost Ipsen Pharma na 5. kongresu České gastroenterologické společnosti v Karlových Varech představila novinku v oblasti čištění střev

MUDr. Milan Šikut, MUDr. Beáta Hauser

Med. praxi 2013; 10(11-12): 396  

Atopic dermatitis - over-the-counter drugs

PharmDr.Jan Hašek

Med. praxi 2013; 10(11-12): 383-387  

Local anti-inflammatory agents and emollients are used to treat atopic dermatitis. Emollients are the mainstay of treatment and they are part of everyday skin care for atopic patients. It includes a wide range of over-the-counter medicinal products and therapeutic cosmetics. Hydrocortisone is the only local corticosteroid sold over the counter. Also available are products containing ichthammol, including the cosmetically more acceptable variants of white ichthammol. When atopic eczema is accompanied by type I allergy, some antihistamines are available.