Fenomén násilí ve zdravotnictví

Mgr. Jaroslav Pekara, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2017;14(5):215  

Calcium and vitamin D in primary and secondary prevention of osteoporosis

MUDr. Pavel Novosad

Med. praxi. 2017;14(5):217-223 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2017.042  

The article aims at General Practitioners and it provides information about the contemporary development of an approach to preventionof osteoporosis. It points out the development of opinion relevant to the issue which has been shifted today from primary prevention tothe secondary one. The main goal of the primary prevention is to extend the genetically predefined time of growth of the bone tissue,thus to help prevent early osteoporosis and high-energy fractures. This prevention should be mainly provided by the General Practitionersin cooperation with patient organisations and other mostly non-profit organisations. The main core of such prevention...

Do we have reserves in treatment after myocardial infarction?

prof. MUDr. Jindřich Špinar, CSc., FESC, prof. MUDr. Lenka Špinarová, Ph.D., FESC, prof. MUDr. Jiří Vítovec, CSc., FESC

Med. praxi. 2017;14(5):224-229 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2017.043  

Early reperfusion is the basic treatment of acute coronary syndrome. Regime recommen-dation and pharmacotherapy must followin order to prevent remodelation of left ventricle, restenosis, rethrombosis and arrhythmias. Four basic drug groups are usedrenin angiotensin aldosteron blockers, betablockers, antiagregation and lipid lowering drugs. The use of these drugs in the Czechregistry FARIM was: ACE-inhibitors (ACE-i) or sartans 90 % of patients, betablockers (BB) 86 % and statins 92 %. But the doses werefrequently insufficient. High dose of ACE inhibitors (sartans) and statins received only 25% of the patients.

The benefit of screening tests in relatives of patients with colorectal cancer

MUDr. Jan Král, doc. MUDr. Tomáš Hucl, Ph.D., prof. MUDr. Julius Špičák, CSc.

Med. praxi. 2017;14(5):230-233 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2017.044  

Colorectal cancer is a serious tumour disease of the large intestine, with almost 8,000 patients being diagnosed with the diseasein the Czech Republic every year. More than 50 % of them are diagnosed only in an advanced stage. The goal of screeningprogrammes is to identify patients in early stages who have a better prognosis. The programme is explicitly intended for thepopulation with no increased risk which is, however, variable. The relatives of patients with colorectal cancer have a higher risk ofdeveloping this tumour disease and do not receive adequate attention within the screening programme. The aim of this reviewis to evaluate the risk of developing...

Measles – current epidemiological situation and clinical experiences

MUDr. Zdenka Manďáková, MUDr. Irena Martinková, MUDr. Lenka Petroušová, Ph.D., MUDr. Pavla Lexová, MUDr. Radomíra Limberková, MUDr. Jana Košťálová, MUDr. Jan Kynčl, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2017;14(5):234-237 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2017.045  

Measles are one of the most severe viral diseases of childhood. Severe course of illness can be seen also in susceptible adults. Measlesare vaccine-preventable, but decreasing vaccine coverage due to postponing or refusal of vaccination starts to be a problem.There is an increasing number of measles throughout the European region this year. The epidemic was also in the Czech Republicduring the first half of the year 2017.

Pharmacoresistant depression – what is the next step?

prof. MUDr. Eva Češková, CSc.

Med. praxi. 2017;14(5):31-252  

Pharmacoresistant depression (treatment resistant depression, TRD) is associated with a higher suicidal risk of suicides and poorprognosis. Its management is a challenge. Before using the recommended strategies for TRD i.e. switch to another antidepressant,augmentation and combination of antidepressant, we should evaluate the diagnosis, mainly comorbidity and adequacy of previoustreatment including adherence. Frequently used strategies such as augmentation and combinations have all disadvantages ofpolytherapy. An interesting option for TRD is monotherapy with multimodal/multifunctional antidepressants, aiming at severalmolecular targets with different...

The symptomatic treatment of the common-cold and influenza

PharmDr. Bc. Hana Kotolová, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2017;14(5):238-247  

Respiratory infections are the most common infectious diseases which affect both children and adults. The treatment of coldand influenze is mostly symptomatical. Antipyretics are used to treat fever. Cought is affected by antitussives or expectoransaccording to character of cought. Sympatomimetics are used for decongestion of nasal mucosa. Supportive treatment includesphytopharmaceuticals with desinfectant, expectorant, hidrotic and non-specific immunomodulatory effects. Bed resting, sufficientfluid intake and vitamine-rich diet are essential parts of therapy.

Patient with multiple sclerosis in the current system

doc. MUDr. Martin Vališ, Ph.D., MUDr. Zbyšek Pavelek

Med. praxi. 2017;14(5):253-257 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2017.058  

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune and incurable disease at the present time. The early diagnosis is crucial for benefitfollow from the early start of treatment. The care of patients with multiple sclerosis is concentrated in MS centres and requiresmultidisciplinary collaboration of specialists of different profession with main role of a specialized neurologist.

Fungal infections of the skin

MUDr. Jarmila Čelakovská, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2017;14(5):258-262 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2017.047  

The clinical diagnosis of mycotic affection of the skin is important part of daily work of general practicioner. This article gives thereview of diagnosis and prevention of mycological affection of the skin. There is given the review of different mycotic skin, nailsand scalp affections. The pictures show the interesting skin findings.

Care of Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy and dealing with complications

Mgr. Pavla Kordulová, Mgr. Renata Hakenová

Med. praxi. 2017;14(5):263-266 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2017.059  

Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is a long-term solution for patients indicated for long-term enteral nutrition. Due to the gradualwidening of this method for an ever-wider range of patients, the aim of this text is to provide non-medical staff with an overview of PEGindications and contraindications, describe the technique of introduction, PEG application techniques, including possible complications.