Poděkování českým lékařům

MgA. Olga Menzelová Kelymanová

Med. praxi. 2023;20(1):3  

Hereditary periodic fevers from the group of autoinflammatory diseases

MUDr. Jana Fráňová, MUDr. Marcel Schüller, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2023;20(1):10-16 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2023.001  

Autoinflammatory diseases (AID) are a group of rare inflammatory diseases caused by the dysregulation of nonspecific immunity mechanisms. In the absence of an obvious cause, they result in spontaneous general and/or local manifestations of inflammatory activity. Typical autoinflammatory diseases include periodic fever syndromes. These include in our country prevailing periodic fever associated with aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and lymph node inflammation (PFAPA syndrome), in which the cause is multifactorial and the genetic cause has not yet been defined, as well as classic monogenic fevers, such as Hyper-IgD syndrome or Familial Mediterranean...

Chronic venous disease and cardiovascular disease

doc. MUDr. Debora Karetová, CSc., prof. MUDr. Jan Bultas, CSc.

Med. praxi. 2023;20(1):17-24 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2023.002  

Chronic venous disease (CVD) and cardiovascular (CV) disease have a high prevalence worldwide. A number of studies suggest the possibility of a correlation between these two diseases of an unclear etiology. The effects of altered hemodynamics in right ventricular dysfunction with subsequent elevation of venous pressure may undoubtedly cause symptoms and signs typical of chronic venous disease. There are also some common risk factors for both diseases: especially obesity and metabolic syndrome. However, chronic inflammation causing alteration of endothelial function could also be a common denominator. The Gutenberg Health Study, an epidemiological study...

Diagnosing and treating cough in the general practitioner's surgery

MUDr. Ján Dindoš

Med. praxi. 2023;20(1):25-33 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2023.003  

Cough is a normal protective reflex characterised by a vigorous and forceful exhalation the aim of which is to clear the airways of foreign bodies and foreign substances. When persistent, it becomes a symptom. This is when its protective function turns into a complication that urges the patient to see their general practitioner. In terms of prevalence, cough is regarded as one of the most frequent symptoms for which patients seek medical attention. This situation applies globally, including the Czech Republic. Moreover, since 2019, the ongoing covid-19 pandemic has increased its rates! However, it is often a neglected symptom of a serious condition...

A patient with newly diagnosed diabetes in the office of general practitioner

MUDr. Eva Papežová

Med. praxi. 2023;20(1):35-39 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2023.004  

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic progressive heterogeneous disease that is associated with episodes of hyperglycemia. Early diagnosis and initiation of treatment are very important to reduce the morbidity and mortality of patients with DM. DM is most often diagnosed by general practitioners, who also care for uncomplicated patients with type 2 DM. The basis of treatment is regimen measures (diet, physical activity) and pharmacotherapy. Metformin is the drug of first choice in patients with type 2 DM. An integral part of the treatment is to educate the patients with DM to understand their disease and the recommended treatment measures.

Differential diagnosis of paresthesias

MUDr. Jiří Neumann, FESO

Med. praxi. 2023;20(1):40-43 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2023.005  

Paresthesias are sensory symptoms that typically arise from damage or disorder of the somatosensory system. Patients of different age groups frequently report these symptoms as subjective issues. They can occur in healthy individuals as well as in people with various diseases. Paresthesias are a frequent symptom of a number of neurological and internal diseases. They occur in a heterogeneous group of disorders that affect both the central as well as peripheral nervous systems. In the following review, we present the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of paresthesias with an emphasis on severe acute diseases.

The benefit of physical activity in the prevention of falls in the elderly

Mgr. Věra Jančíková, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2023;20(1):44-46 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2023.006  

The aim of the article is to shed light on the issue of falls among the elderly. Some falls may be serious and may cause significant morbidity and mortality. Besides other fields, the consequences of falls are also dealt with by physiotherapy. Having a major effect on their reduction and the minimization of their consequences are preventive measures and sufficient physical activity.

Overview of medical devices for incontinent patients and their prescription

doc. PharmDr. Barbora Vraníková, Ph.D., doc. PharmDr. Andrej Kováčik, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2023;20(1):47-52 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2023.007  

Urinary or faecal incontinence represents diseases severely limiting the patient's daily activities and decreasing their quality of life. The irreplaceable role in the therapy of spontaneous leakage of urine/faeces has physicians, who not only determine the degree and extent of incontinence but also suggest a suitable treatment for the patient. Medical devices significantly contribute to improving the quality of life of incontinent patients and, therefore, represent an essential part of therapy. This article represents an edited and updated version of two previous publications of authors that were published in the journal Praktické lékárenství. It...

Diagnostic and therapeutic approach to oral mucosal disorders

MDDr. Markéta Janovská, FAAOM

Med. praxi. 2023;20(1):54-59 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2023.008  

Diseases of the oral mucosa constitute a complex medical issue. The overlap of oral medicine with other medical disciplines (namely rheumatology, immunology, dermatology, transplantation medicine) is considerable. In addition to benign mucosal diseases (e. g. geographic tongue, Fordyce's spots), patients may exhibit symptoms of various systemic disorders on the oral mucosa (autoimmune bullous disorders, malignant hematologic conditions). The lack of physicians dedicated to oral medicine increases the demands on primary care physicians but also on other medical experts, such as otorhinolaryngologists and dermatologists. The aim of this article is to...

Regression of the hypertension-mediated organ damage after achieving blood pressure control in young hypertensive patient

MUDr. Petra Vysočanová, MUDr. Tomáš Zatočil, MUDr. Svatopluk Richter

Med. praxi. 2023;20(1):65-70 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2023.009  

Delayed diagnosis of arterial hypertension leads to hypertension-mediated organ damage (HMOD) which is a risk marker for cardiovascular disease. In the case of newly diagnosed hypertension, it is necessary to control blood pressure, screen for secondary causes of hypertension, identify factors potentially contributing to the development of hypertension, identify concomitant cardiovascular risk factors, and establish whether there is evidence of HMOD or existing cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, or renal disease. In our case of a young patient with long-term untreated hypertension who was hospitalized for accelerated hypertension, we described the examination...

The most common errors in current migraine prophylaxis: case reports

MUDr. Ingrid Niedermayerová

Med. praxi. 2023;20(1):60-64  

Prophylactic treatment is administered in order to reduce the frequency, duration, and severity of migraine attacks. The treatment is typically initiated with antiepileptic drugs or beta blockers; it is further based on the presence of other conditions, for example psychiatric ones, risks of adverse effects, and contraindications, if any. The article uses case reports to discuss the most common errors in choosing a prophylactic agent with respect to comorbidities, the timing and duration of the treatment.

Walking or how many steps is enough for us to be health?

prof. MUDr. Eliška Sovová, Ph.D., MBA

Med. praxi. 2023;20(1):71-72 | DOI: 10.36290/med.2023.010  

The article clearly summarizes the latest findings on the health benefits of walking. It comments on the well-known 10 000 steps per day and discusses the possibilities of using monitoring devices to increase adherence to movement.

Zaznělo na 8. kongrese Medicíny pro praxi v Plzni 25.–26. listopadu 2022: 
Systémová enzymoterapie a její možnosti léčebného využití v medicíně

MUDr. Aleš Kočár

Med. praxi. 2023;20(1):74