Zvládání stresu v lékařských profesích

MUDr. Karel Nešpor, CSc.

Med. praxi. 2014;11(4):139  

Treatment of arterial hypertension in patient with metabolic syndrome

prof.MUDr.Martin Haluzík, DrSc.

Med. praxi. 2014;11(4):143-146  

Metabolic syndrome is defined as a combination of obesity, arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, impaired glucose metabolism and other pathologies that in combination markedly increase cardiovascular risk. The treatment of arterial hypertension in patient with metabolic syndrome is an important part of complex lifestyle and therapeutic measures aiming at lowering total cardiovascular risk. Increased physical activity, hypocaloric diet with sodium restriction and smoking cessation represent an integral part of lifystele measures. Pharmacological treatment of choice are ACE-inhibitors or AT1-receptor blockers in combination with calcium channel...

Current state of vaccination against tetanus

MUDr.Dita Smíšková, Ph.D., doc.MUDr.Vilma Marešová, CSc.

Med. praxi. 2014;11(4):147-148  

Tetanus is a serious disease with high mortality. It is currently rare in the Czech Republic, mainly due to good vaccination coverage of the population. Protective levels of antibodies are necessary to maintain by regular application of tetanus toxoid. Currently, adults are vaccinated every 10–15 years, an extension of interval to 15–20 years is suggested for the future. Booster dose may be part of the combined vaccine protecting against diphtheria and pertussis. Special rules are governed for tetanus prophylaxis in trauma and before some surgical procedures.

Allergic rhinitis

MUDr.Zuzana Humlová

Med. praxi. 2014;11(4):150-154  

Beginning of pollen season brings us each year an increasing amount of patients suffering from allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. It has been estimated that in Czech Republic 2.5 millions people suffer from any kind of allergic disease and about 15 % suffer from allergic rhinitis. Etiopathogenesis of allergic rhinitis is based on IgE – mediated response of organism onto frequent contact with an allergen. Eosinophilic inflammation is then the final result of this activation and leads to clinical symptoms as a runny nose, obturation, sneezing and fatigue. Suppression of the inflammation is the first-line task. Symptomatic therapy represents...

Varicose ulcer pain and its treatment

MUDr.Dana Vondráčková

Med. praxi. 2014;11(4):155-158  

Varicose ulcer arises from various causes. One of the most common causes of the ulcer is venous insufficiency. The origin is dependent on many factors. These include innate disposition, age, obesity, diabetes, thrombosis, hormonal therapy, and to a large extent a patient’s lifestyle. The healing of venous ulcers is very difficult, despite modern available wound treatment methods. Relapses are frequently observed. Pain is one of the clinical symptoms. Its intensity is individual. It may be continuous, worsened during the dressing procedure. The pain is often caused by the elevated or hanging position of limbs. Pain disturbs sleep. In most...

Pharmacotherapy of chronic venous disorder

MUDr.Lukáš Hnátek, Ph.D.

Med. praxi. 2014;11(4):159-163  

Chronic venous disorder (CVD) is a common illness with high incidence existing especially in Europe and North America. The main goal of Venoactive Drugs (VAD) is to eliminate the symptoms of CVD (venous pain, fatigue, etc.). But there are some VAD that could be used also for treatment of venous oedema and venous ulcer. There are many papers that prove their effectiveness in the experiment and in the microcirculation. The most effective substance is micronized purified flavonoid fraction (MPFF) of diosmin hesperidin. It is proved that this substance could be used as an effective supplementary treatment of symptoms after venous intervention....

Interdisciplinary cooperation in diagnosis and treatment of multiple sclerosis

MUDr.Jiří Piťha

Med. praxi. 2014;11(4):166-168  

Diagnosis and treatment of multiple sclerosis requires multidisciplinary collaboration of specialists of different professions. Leading role is a neurologist specializing in issues neuroimmunology. However, the task is considerable practical neurologist, general practitioner, neuroradiology, ophthalmologist, urologist and other physicians specializing. A special role in the care of patients with multiple sclerosis have a center for the diagnosis and treatment of multiple sclerosis. The aim of the cooperation is early diagnosis and optimal treatment.

Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of erectile dysfunction

MUDr.Taťána Šrámková, CSc.

Med. praxi. 2014;11(4):171-174  

Erectile dysfunction is defined as an inability to achieve and maintain an erection sufficient for satisfactory sexual intercourse. ED is commnon worldwide. ED shares risk factors with cardiovascular disease. Erectile dysfunction is a predictor of a serious cardiovascular event in men. Lifestyle modification (intensive exercise and decrease in BMI) can improve erectile function. Modern oral form of ED therapy by PDE5 inhibitors is safe and effective and is well tolerated. A new method in erectile dysfunction therapy is low intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy which produces neovascularisation. Intracavernosal therapy is safe and effective...

Muscle relaxants in acute low back pain therapy

MUDr.Michal Prokeš, PharmDr.Josef Suchopár

Med. praxi. 2014;11(4):175-179  

Centrally acting muscle relaxants (myorelaxants) are widely used to treat patiens with low back pain (VAS). This article describes basic approach of general practitioner to a patient with VAS, the position of myorelaxants in VAS guidelines and points out the adverse effects of these drugs. Although myorelaxants are widely prescribed, there are only few clinical trials with proper methodologic design, which can prove the effectiveness of these drugs for the VAS treatment. The appropriate indication and choice of the muscle relaxant shoud be considered individually and the decision should be made with respect to side-effects profile, patient...

Where vaccination could help...

MUDr.Šárka Rumlarová

Med. praxi. 2014;11(4):181-182  

In recent years, the incidence of whooping cough has been increasing, particularly in adolescents and adults. Pertussis often goes undiagnosed in them and these patients are a source of infection for the youngest children who may be at risk of a fatal course of the disease. Extending vaccination to the adult population and the so-called cocoon strategy could effectively protect infants from developing pertussis.

Constipation and diarrhoea in travellers

MUDr.Michaela Fraňková

Med. praxi. 2014;11(4):184-187  

Defecation disorders are undoubtedly among the most common issues affecting travellers. So-called traveller's diarrhoea is the most frequent ailment in people travelling abroad. It affects 30 to 80% of travellers during their stay in a developing country in a region with warm climate and with insufficient standards of hygiene. By contrast, 20 to 30% of travellers suffer from constipation that is most commonly a result of travelling stress, irregular meals, or retaining stools in a setting of inadequate hygiene conditions. Although constipation and diarrhoea generally are not life threatening and do not usually require hospitalization, they...

Spolupráce na medicínských světových programech jako cesta z ekonomických problémů českého zdravotnictví

Med. praxi. 2014;11(4):188-190